Europeans knew of the existence of which countries at the beginning of the 15th century?
What are India, China, and Japan.
100
These new maps, which showed the coastline and any obstacles at sea, where called what?
What are portulan charts?
100
The existence of India, China, and Japan, and the establishments of trade routes for silk and spices, was known because of which explorer?
Who is Marco Polo?
100
Columbus was from this city.
What is Genoa?
100
Columbus was at sea for approximately how long during his first voyage?
What is 2 months?
200
The Madeira Islands were discovered in 1418, and these islands were discovered in 1431.
What are the Azores?
200
These three navigational instruments were developed in the 15th century, and helped launch many expeditions.
What are the compass, the astrolabe, and the quadrant?
200
The monarchs of this country, along with Henry the Navigator, organized expeditions to look for a new route to India around the coast of Africa.
What is Portugal?
200
What were the names of the three ships that left Huelva on 3 August, 1492?
What are the Pinta, the Niña, and the Santa Maria?
200
In 1519, Magellan left Seville with 5 boats and 250 sailors, and after three years, how many men and ships returned?
What is 1 ship and 18 men?
300
The great discoveries by Spain and Portugal created great empires, and also rivalry; problems were prevented when they divided the unexplored regions between them in _____ in 1494.
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
300
In what ways were the ships of the 15th and 16th centuries improved?
They were faster and more spacious.
300
In 1488 Bartolomeu Dias rounded this cape, which opened the sea route to the Indian Ocean.
What is the Cape of Good Hope?
300
Columbus had landed in America, but he thought he had reached _______.
What is Cipango, Japan.
300
This word means "a line dividing two areas".
What is a line of demarcation?
400
The diseases introduced by Europeans caused the indigenous population of America to do what?
What is "decline"?
400
This type of ship generally had three masts, and it had square sails for speed and triangular sails for manoeuvre.
What is a caravel?
400
This Portuguese explorer reached India in 1498.
Who is Vasco de Gama?
400
Columbus presented his project to ________________, who decided to finance the expedition.
Who are the Catholic Monarchs?
400
The Turks conquered Constantinople in this year.
What is 1453?
500
These are the two most important reasons why the European countries launched many expeditions in the 15th century.
What are 1) the need to find new trade routes, and 2) technical advances.
500
The ships carried what on board to defend themselves from pirates and enemy ships?
What are cannons?
500
In 1520, an expedition led by this man found a strait that connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
500
In 1502, this Italian sailor realized that the lands reached by Columbus belonged to a new continent.