Enlightenment and Revolution
This idea says people agree to follow rules, and in return, the government protects their rights and keeps peace.
What is the Social Contract
This system of government keeps a king or queen, but uses written laws to limit their power so they can't do whatever they want.
What is a Constitutional Monarchy
Written by Thomas Paine, this famous booklet convinced many colonists that breaking away from Great Britain was necessary.
What is Common Sense
This violent time during the revolution saw thousands of people, including the King and Queen, executed.
What is the Reign of Terror
Known as "The Liberator," this leader fought against Spanish rule to free countries in northern South America.
Who is Simón Bolívar
This thinker said everyone has rights to life, liberty, and property, and if the government fails to protect them, citizens can overthrow it.
Who is John Locke?
Written in 1689, this document gave citizens basic rights and stopped the king from making laws without permission.
What is the English Bill of Rights
Signed in 1776, this document told Great Britain that the American colonies were officially breaking away to form their own country.
What is the Declaration of Independence
When common citizens formed this government group, they ended feudalism and made major reforms in France.
What was the National Assembly
This former enslaved man led a revolt in Saint-Domingue, defeating French forces to establish Haiti.
Who is Toussaint L'Ouverture
This thinker believed people give up some freedom to obey a strong ruler who brings order to society.
Who is Thomas Hobbes
King James II angered many English people by suspending laws and supporting this religion.
What is Catholicism
This agreement created a House of Representatives based on state population and a Senate where every state gets equal power.
What is the Great Compromise
Napoleon created this set of written laws to protect equality, individual rights, and property rights.
What is the Napoleonic Code
This group of wealthy white people born in the Americas (not Spain) led many of the revolutions for independence.
Who are the Creoles
Thinkers questioned this old idea that a king gets his power straight from God instead of the people.
What is the Divine Right of Kings
After the Glorious Revolution, the power of the king was limited while the power of this group was expanded
What is Parliament
The British army officially surrendered at this town in Virginia, ending the biggest battles of the war.
What is Yorktown
This 1789 document ended the three social classes in France and declared that all men are born free and equal.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
This Mexican priest started a fight for independence by inspiring native people and mestizos to revolt.
Who is Miguel Hidalgo
This thinker said a good government must be built on popular sovereignty and do what the majority of people want.
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Nobles invited this royal couple to come rule England in 1688 after James II ran away to France
Who are William and Mary (William of Orange and Mary II)
This was America's very first government plan, but it was so weak that the country had to write a new Constitution.
What are the Articles of Confederation
This government group set up France's first republic, but also led the violent Reign of Terror.
What was the Convention
This general trained an army in Argentina and freed Chile and Peru from Spanish control.
Who is José de San Martín