long term/context
the act of settling among and establishing control over an area and its people
colonization
1939 plan that proposed the extension of French citizenship with full political rights to certain categories of Algerian Muslims; welcomed by moderate nationalists
(Blum) Violette Plan
this 1957 battle began with an strike and escalated into bombings of cafes, bars, and other urban targets frequented by French officials and supporters
Battle of Algiers
the first President of Algeria, overthrown in a 1965 coup
Ahmed Ben Bella
tactics / Chinese Civil War
guerrilla warfare
French settlers (and their descendants) in Algeria
pied noirs
FLN (and its military wing, the ALN)
1962 agreement between the French government and the FLN; established ceasefire and withdrawal of French troops
Evian Accords
technology / Chinese Civil War
use of leftover WWII weapons
(other possible answers)
military strategy of destroying buildings, farmland, infrastructure and all resources so that your enemy cannot use them; used by French during colonization in 1800s
scorched earth policy
the battle that signaled French defeat in Vietnam (and Indo-China) (1954)
Dien Bien Phu
Algerian Muslims who fought for the French
harkis
terrorist organization made up of pied noirs and some military officers/troops
OAS (organisation de l'armee secrete)
ideology / WWII
nationalism
imperialism/colonialism
(other possibilities)
origins of Algerian nationalism
World War I / North African Star (either)
police clashed with marchers bearing flags of the Algerian nationalist movement; violence spread, over 100 Europeans were killed; French authorities escalated and cause the deaths of at least 15,000 Algerians
Setif Massacre (1945)
border of electrified fence, mines, artillery, and soldiers
Morice Line
2 international organizations joined by the newly independent Algeria
UN, Arab League, Non Aligned Movement
economics / Chinese Civil War
wealth inequality
lack of industrialization
poverty
foreign interference/exploitation
(other potential answers)
French administrative division; Algeria was turned into 3 of these as it was incorporated into metropolitan France in the 1800s
département
a key demand of African and Asian independence movements after the Second World War; emphasized in Atlantic Charter of 1941
self-determination
government-in-exile formed in 1958 under the leadership of Ferhat Abbas
GPRA (Gouvernement Provisoire de la République Algérienne)
De Gaulle government's final, 1958 attempt to win over Algerians; aimed to industrialize the Algerian economy and create employment; parts implemented post-war, anyway
Constantine Plan
post war politics/ Chinese Civil War
one party state
left leaning (socialist/communist)