Circulatory system: Heart Anatomy
What organ pumps blood throughout the body?
The heart.
What blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries.
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients.
What nutrient is the body’s main source of quick energy?
Carbohydrates.
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
How many chambers does the human heart have?
Four.
Which blood cells carry oxygen?
Red blood cells.
Which organ produces bile?
The liver.
What is the function of saliva?
It begins chemical digestion and moistens food.
What muscle helps the lungs expand during breathing?
The diaphragm.
Which side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
The left side.
What protein in red blood cells binds to oxygen?
Hemoglobin.
Where does most nutrient absorption occur?
The small intestine.
Why is fiber important in the diet?
It helps move food through the digestive tract.
What tiny air sacs in the lungs allow gas exchange?
Alveoli.
What is the function of heart valves?
They prevent the backflow of blood.
Why is high blood pressure dangerous?
It can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of heart disease or stroke.
What is the role of the stomach in digestion?
It breaks down food using acid and enzymes.
Why can acid reflux damage the esophagus?
Stomach acid irritates and damages esophageal tissue.
What is the function of the trachea?
It carries air to and from the lungs.
A person has damage to the left ventricle. What major function would be affected?
Pumping oxygen-rich blood to the body.
A clot blocks blood flow to part of the brain. What medical emergency may occur?
A stroke.
A patient’s pancreas stops producing digestive enzymes. What would be harder to digest?
Nutrients such as fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
A person becomes severely dehydrated from vomiting and diarrhea. Which digestive function is disrupted?
Absorption and fluid balance.
A person’s alveoli are damaged from smoking. What process becomes less efficient?
Gas exchange.