Breathing and Gas Exchange
What gas do humans breathe in for cellular respiration?
Oxygen.
What organs filter blood and produce urine?
The kidneys.
What is the function of the reproductive system?
To produce offspring.
What disease causes narrowing of the airways and difficulty breathing?
Asthma.
A person has a broken rib. Which body system is directly injured?
The skeletal system.
What waste gas do humans exhale?
Carbon dioxide.
What tube carries urine from the bladder out of the body?
The urethra.
What male reproductive cells are called?
Sperm.
What harmful substance in cigarettes damages the lungs?
Tar.
A patient has clogged coronary arteries. Which body system is affected?
The circulatory system.
Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?
The body needs more oxygen and must remove more carbon dioxide.
What is the main function of the urinary system?
To remove wastes and maintain fluid balance.
What female reproductive organ houses a developing fetus?
The uterus.
Why do doctors recommend exercise to improve respiratory health?
Exercise strengthens the lungs and improves oxygen intake.
A person has kidney stones. Which system is involved?
The urinary system.
Why can pneumonia make breathing difficult?
Fluid in the lungs reduces gas exchange.
Why is drinking water important for kidney function?
Water helps the kidneys remove wastes through urine.
Why are hormones important in reproduction?
They regulate development and reproductive processes.
Why can emphysema make it difficult for a person to breathe?
The alveoli are damaged, reducing gas exchange.
A patient cannot absorb nutrients properly because of intestinal damage. Which system is affected?
The digestive system.
A climber at high altitude feels short of breath. Explain why.
There is less oxygen available in the air at high altitudes.
A patient’s kidneys begin to fail. What substances may build up in the blood?
Wastes and toxins.
A person has low levels of reproductive hormones. What body processes could be affected?
Puberty, fertility, and reproductive development.
A patient has chronic shortness of breath, damaged alveoli, and a long history of smoking. What respiratory disorder do they most likely have?
Emphysema or COPD.
A person’s lungs cannot provide enough oxygen to the blood. Which two body systems are most directly involved?
The respiratory and circulatory systems.