Greek City-States and Geography
This is the term for a Greek city-state
What is a Polis?
This is the term for a group of armed foot soldiers in ancient Greece arranged close together in rows
Phalanx
Cleisthenes
What was the Delian League originally created for?
Defense against Persia
What religion did many Persians follow?
These are ways that geography influenced Ancient Greece (name at least 2)
-A lot of mountains: travel by land was difficult and communities were separated which led to the rise of city-states
-Surrounded by water: relied on sea travel, fishing, shipbuilding, and trade
-Limited farmland: The Greeks created colonies
-Athens was close to the coast: Economy built on trade and strong navy
-Sparta closer inland: More focus on agriculture and strong land army
This is the term for a harsh ruler who seizes power through force
Tyrant
Pericles
Why did the Peloponnesian War begin?
Athens became too powerful / Sparta started to fear Athens
What civilization was discovered at Knossos?
The Minoans
Why did Sparta fall behind other Greek city-states in learning and culture?
They believed education and new ideas could weaken their military control
This is the term for an enslaved person in ancient Sparta
Helot
What did Cyrus the Great do that showed he was a fair ruler?
He treated conquered people with fairness and tolerance; he allowed Jews who were previously exiled by King Nebuchadnezzar return their homeland
Why were the Greeks able to defeat the Persians during the Persian Wars?
They were united and had good military strategy
What was Persia's primary motivation for invading Greece?
To punish Greece for supporting rebellious cities in Anatolia
This is the reason why many Greek colonies formed around 700 B.C.
What is overpopulation and limited farmland in Greece
This is the name for a marketplace in Ancient Greece
Agora
Which Persian king reorganized the empire by creating satrapies?
Darius I
What is a long-effect of the Peloponnesian War?
Greece became weak and divided, making it vulnerable to invasion (like Macedonia)
How did the Persian Empire successfully manage such a large territory? (Name at least 2 reasons)
They divided the empire into satrapies, appointed satraps as governors, created the Royal Road to make communication and transportation easier and faster, and treated the people they conquered fairly
Why might other Greek city-states have feared Athens during their height
Athens controlled trade and had a powerful navy
This is what a high-ranked government official in Sparta who was elected by the council of elders called
Ephor
What Athenian ruler helped move Athens towards democracy and ended debt slavery?
Solon
Which Persian king fought Leonidas at the Battle of Thermopylae?
Xerxes
How did the Minoans influence the Mycenaeans (Name at least 2 ways)
The Mycenaeans learned shipbuilding, navigation, and bronze metalworking from the Minoans. Minoan trade and seafaring helped influence Mycenaean culture and economy.