8.1
Name the bones of the pectoral girdles.
Each of the two pectoral girdles consists of a clavicle (collarbone) and a scapula (shoulder blade)
What is the function of the ulna and radius?
The function of the ulna and radius is to support the forearm
What is the longest/heaviest bone in the human body and what are its three major parts?
Femur ; Femoral head, Shaft, Condoyles
Out of the 4 different types of bone in the human body, what type of bone make up the metatarsals and how many?
5 Long bones
At what ages do complete ossification/fusion of hyoid bone occur?
Ages 25-30
Out of the 4 different types of bone in the human body, what type of bone do the scapulae fall under?
Flat bone
Identify any (3) bones of the upper limb.
The bones of an upper limb are the humerus, ulna, radius, carpal (wrist) bones (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate), 5 metacarpals (palm bones), and 14 phalanges (fingers)
What are the (5) separate vertebrae of the sacrum that fuse in adulthood?
S1 - S5
Identify any (3) bones of the lower limb.
The bones of the lower limb are the femur (thigh), patella (kneecap), tibia and fibula (leg), tarsal (ankle) bones (talus, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform), 5 metatarsals, and 14 phalanges
How is the female pelvis adapted for childbearing?
The female pelvis is much wider compared to the male pelvis which makes it more suited for supporting the weight of the developing fetus and enabling its passage through the pelvic outlet during delivery
The clavicles contain (2) attachment sites for shoulder muscles/ligaments. What are they?
Conoid tubercle ; Costal tuberosity
What is the function of the metacarpals?
The metacarpals articulate the proximal phalanges
What is the enclosed space of the pelvic cavity called?
The pelvic inlet
What is the most distal portion of the spine when the tail is not involved?
The coccyx
Compare and contrast the bones of males and females with respect to weight and bone markings.
In general, the bones of males tend to be heavier than those of females, and bone markings are more prominent in males than in females
What are the functions of the pectoral girdle?
Serve as muscle attachment sites; Stabilize other bones involved in the rhythm of shoulder movement; Provide basis for arm movement
What are the names of the (2) phalanges that make up the pollex?
Proximal phalanx; Distal phalanx
What bone forms the foundation of the lower back and the pelvis?
The sacrum
How many bones make up the tarsus?
7 Tarsal bones
What are the pubic angles for males and females?
<90° for males
100° or more for females
What end of the clavicle articulates with the scapulae?
Acromial end
Each finger has (3) phalanges except for the thumb, what are the names of the (3) phalanges?
Distal, Middle, Proximal
Approximately, at what angle does the neck of the femur join the shaft?
125° Angle
What is the largest medial bone in the leg?
The tibia
At what ages do fusion in the frontal suture of the skull occur?
Ages 2-8