Vocab
Raphael Lemkin coined this term to describe "a crime without a name". This term describes the deliberate attempt to destroy an ethnic, religious, or national group.
What is "Genocide"
These violent attacks against Armenians in the 1890s are often considered the first major step toward genocide.
What are the Hamidian Massacres?
This Ottoman leader was one of the main architects of the Armenian Genocide.
Who was Talaat Pasha?
To this day, the Turkish Government officially denies this event happened
What is the Armenian Genocide?
This religion practiced by most Armenians made them a minority in the Muslim Ottoman Empire.
What is Christianity?
This word means “non-believer” and was often used to label people who did not follow Islam correctly.
What is "infidel"?
This Ottoman Sultan set persecution against Armenians into motion in the late 1800s.
Who was Sultan Abdul Hamid II?
This April 1915 event involved the arrest and killing of Armenian intellectual and religious leaders, marking for some historians as the official start to the genocide.
What is the Decapitation Strike?
This U.S. president officially recognized the Armenian Genocide in April of 2021 and has been the only one to do so.
Who is Joe Biden?
This concept of forcing people to adopt Turkish culture, religion, and identity was promoted by Ottoman nationalists.
What is Turkification?
This word refers to the removal of people from their homes or country, which the Ottoman government claimed was happening to Armenians.
What is "deportation"?
This reform movement made up largely of young military officers eventually took control of the Ottoman government.
Who were the Young Turks?
These two methods were used to deport Armenian from the Ottoman Empire.
Death Marches and Railroads
This operation sought justice against Ottoman leaders responsible for the genocide who were already tried and sentenced to death.
What was Operation Nemesis?
This Ottoman nationalist group that controlled the government promoted extreme Turkish nationalism.
What is the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP)?
This process involves portraying a group as less than human, often comparing them to animals or vermin.
What is "Dehumanization"?
Armenian protests in the 1880s were largely caused by these two unfair conditions.
What is heavy taxation and discrimination?
Ottoman leaders hoped to achieve these two goals by entering World War I.
What are expanding/reclaiming territory and Turkish unity?
Risking their lives, Armenians secretly wrote messages in this creative style to communicate during persecution acting as a form of protest.
What are Armenian Bird Letters?
The Turkish Government gave these two reasons to excuse the deaths of Armenians.
What is WWI (war) and The Spanish flu (disease)?
Under the Ottoman Empire, this legal classification for defeated "People of the Book" who were allowed to live under Muslim rule but had fewer rights.
What is the "Dhimma"?
This question asked by Ottoman leaders reflected the issue of what to do about the Armenian population.
What is the Armenian Question?
The Ottoman government claimed all Armenians were this after some collaborated with Russia during the war.
What is a national security threat?
This term refers to how many Armenians fled or were displaced during the genocide leaving millions of Armenians today live outside their historic homeland.
What is Armenian Diaspora?
Armenians famously resisted Ottoman forces at this mountain battle somewhere between 40-53 days.
What was the Battle of Musa Dagh?