The Atlantic Circuit
Slaves
Africa
Technology
Capitalism & Mercantilism
100
What is the Middle Passage?
The part of the Atlantic Circuit that was used to transport slaves traded from goods to plantations.
100
What are the slaves of Angola?
Refugees of drought.
100
What were Africa's existent exports?
Gold, ivory, and timber.
100
What were the three ways mills were powered?
Animal, water, & wind.
100
What did capitalism and mercantilism make possible?
It allowed private investors to fund the growth of the Atlantic economy.
200
What is the Dutch West India Company?
An European company famous for transporting slaves across the Atlantic for sale on the plantation colonies.
200
Why were African slaves preferred over indentured servants?
They were more profitable.
200
What were the highest demands of African merchants?
They preferred textiles, hardware, and guns.
200
Daily Double!
What was the Dutch West India Company and why was it created?
200
What was mercantilism?
The promotion of overseas trade and accumulation of capital in the form of precious metals.
300
What is disease?
The cause of the most deaths in the Middle Passage.
300
How did plantation owners try to prevent rebellions and why?
They tried preventing rebellions by discouraging the use of African cultural tranditions and deliberately mixing slaves from different regions of Africa and encouraged them to adopt Chirstianity etc. this was because they believed that rebellions were led by those with the strongest African heritage.
300
What is the significance of Angola?
It provided the greatest source of slaves for the Atlantic trade.
300
List the four tools used for sugar cane cultivation and its purpose.
Spades for planting, hoes for weeds, machetes to cut the cane, and mills to extract the sap.
300
What was capitalism?
The expansion of credit and devlopment of banks, stock exchanges, and charter companies.
400
What did the flow of sugar to Europe rely on?
It relied on the flow of slaves from Africa.
400
Daily Double!
What slowed the West Indies production and what were the solutions? (Hint: Before 1650)
400
What are the African governments influence on the Gold and Slave Coasts?
They prevented Europeans from taking control of African territory.
400
How are sugar canes plantations environmentally friendly? Give at least 3 reasons. How were they not environmentally friendly?
It used water, wind, or animal powered mills, crushed cane to fueled boilers instead of fossil fuels, and manure for fertilized the fields. The plantation caused deforestation and soil exhaustion.
400
What was the result of the war between England and France & the Dutch?
The Dutch lost and the Dutch West India Company went bankrupt resulting in reduced Dutch competition in the Atlantic for the English and French.
500
What did the specialized slave trade attract?
It attracted amateur traders hoping to make a quick profit.
500
Describe the tasks given to each of the following: children, women, men, the great gang, and the very ill.
Children weeded, women were usually field laborers, men were blacksmiths, carpenters, or skilled artisans, the great gang took care of the heaviest work, and the very old did nothing.
500
What prompted the specialized slave markets?
The increase in trade in the Bight of Biafra.
500
Describe the entire process of sugar cane cultivation.
Planted it with spades then used hoes for weeding. When the canes were ready to be cut they used machetes to cut them and mills to extract the sap which is boiled into molasses and syrup. The syrup was packed into molds and dried and shipped off to Europe. The molasses was made into rum.
500
What were high tariffs and Navigation Acts used for?
High tariffs kept out foreigners and Navigation Acts were implemented by the England to force English colonies to only trade with them therefore reudcing their competition.
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