Earth's Atmosphere
What gas makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen
What process do plants use to take in carbon dioxide?
Photosynthesis
What is the process of converting nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants?
Nitrogen Fixation
What is the process called when water vapor cools and changes back into liquid water?
Condensation
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
Crust
What is the layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs?
Troposphere
How does carbon dioxide return to the atmosphere after being used by plants?
Repiration
What organisms are primarily responsible for nitrogen fixation?
Bacteria
Name the process by which water moves from the surface of the Earth into the atmosphere.
Evaporation
Which layer of the Earth is liquid and made mostly of iron and nickel?
Outer Core
What type of energy from the sun warms the Earth?
Solar Energy
What human activity increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
Burning Fossil Fuels
What process returns nitrogen to the atmosphere from the soil?
Denitrification
What term describes the continuous movement of water through the Earth and atmosphere?
Water Cycle
What is the thickest layer of the Earth?
Mantle
What phenomenon occurs when the Earth's atmosphere traps heat, leading to an increase in global temperatures?
The Greenhouse Effect
What term describes the process of carbon being stored in trees and soil?
Carbon Sequestration
How do animals contribute to the nitrogen cycle?
Through excretion and decomposition
How do oceans influence climate?
Regulating temperature and weather patterns
Describe the difference between the inner core and outer core.
The inner core is solid, while the outer core is liquid
Name the main greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere.
Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide
Describe the role of oceans in the carbon cycle.
The absorption of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen
Explain the importance of the nitrogen cycle for ecosystems.
Provides essential nutrients for plant growth
Explain the role of ocean currents in the water cycle.
They transport heat and moisture around the globe
How do scientists learn about the Earth's interior?
Through seismic waves and studying rock samples