Separation v. Integration
Black Power
Black Studies
Misconceptions
Parallels
100
The ideological differences between this radical Christian preacher who called for a "beloved community" and this radical Muslim minister who demanded change "by any means necessary" highlighted the historical debate on the best strategy to bring about social change for African-Americans.
Who is Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X?
100
Criticized cultural nationalism and embraced a form of revolutionary nationalism that included the support of whites and others non-black supports as a key tactic of global liberation against white supremacy.
Who is Huey Newton?
100
Essay arguing that Black Studies should be a place of refuge in institutions that are essentially racist by perpetuating the status quo.
Who is "Black Studies: Bring Back the Person"?
100
A black bigoted and anti-Semitic organization whose leaders have encouraged violence against whites, Jews and law enforcement officers often equated to be the same organization as its namesake.
What is the New Black Panther Party?
100
One contentious issue that frustrated white liberals who supported Black Studies was the suggestion that blacks were better qualified to teach black students. This parallel of this issue is still being discussed today here.
Where are urban school districts?
200
When Malcolm X debated this founder of CORE in 1962, he urged for black separatism in the form of a separate state based on the experiences of independence movements in Asia and Africa and the opposition of American whites to both integration and self-segregation.
Who is James Farmer?
200
Disliked "tasteless analogies" comparing racial oppression with gender discrimination of middle-class white women.
Who is Linda La Rue?
200
It is a popular misconception that Black Studies is essentially the same as this field that has addressed the concerns of Mexican-Americans, Puerto Ricans, Asians, and other cultural minorities.
What is ethnic studies?
200
According to Genovese, a new "hallmark of racism" is the notion there there is one collective black ____.
What is voice?
200
In election of 1960, many African American shifted their loyalty to the Republican Party to vote for this candidate.
Who is John F. Kennedy?
300
In a 1960 debate with this civil rights activist, Malcolm X appealed to African-Americans to expose liberal hypocrisy and pursue separation at any cost.
Who is Bayard Rustin?
300
This movement was an attempt to address more than problem of constitutional rights but the psychological damage and economic disadvantage that institutional racism caused.
What is Black Power?
300
Some critics have accused Black Studies of representing this part of the political spectrum.
What is the left-wing?
300
Despite attempts to link this person to conservative causes, he was actually well to the left politically much more akin to American progressives such as Jesse Jackson, Michael Eric Dyson, and Vincent Harding than Alan Keyes and Herman Cain.
Who is Martin Luther King, Jr.?
300
What ongoing contemporary debate stems from the Black Panther Party raiding the California Capitol building to protest the Mulford Act in 1967?
What is gun control?
400
In this 1965 essay, Bayard Rustin argued that ongoing protest was not the best solution to the economic and political problems facing African Americans but rather that compromise and coalition building would determine the future of racial progress.
What is "From Protest to Politics"?
400
"We believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitution so that black people will receive fair trials. The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, environmental, historical and racial background. To do this the court will be forced to select a jury from the black community from which the black defendant came. We have been, and are being tried by all-white juries that have no understanding of the "average reasoning man" of the black community. "
What is the Black Panther Party Ten Point Platform?
400
According to Genovese, Black Studies has these two legitimate tasks as major goals.
What is (1) building a black intelligentsia and (2) combating racism of white students?
400
Some Americans have misappropriated King's words that people should "not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character" and have also ignored the latter years of his life in attempts to counteract this policy.
What is affirmative action?
400
Many students today are choosing to major in a subject based on the desire to get a job instead of pursuing this.
What is passion?
500
These two scholars disagreed on the role of Black Studies in the university. One arguing for principled self-segregation and the other against it.
Who are June Jordan and Eugene Genovese?
500
"If violence is wrong in America, violence is wrong abroad. If it’s wrong to be violent defending black women and black children and black babies and black men, then it’s wrong for America to draft us and make us violent abroad in defense of her. And if it is right for America to draft us, and teach us how to be violent in defense of her, then it is right for you and me to do whatever is necessary to defend our own people right here in this country."
What is "Message to the Grassroots"?
500
In 1967, a multiracial and multi-ethnic coalition of students led by the Black Student Union staged a strike against the administration at this university to establish the first Black Studies academic program in the United States.
What is San Francisco State?
500
According to this scholar in the book, "Martin & Malcolm & America," both King and Malcolm acted as "good cop/bad cop," addressing the same cause with commitments to the poor, opposition to racism, capitalism and imperialism but from different perspectives.
Who is James Cone?
500
These are more segregated to day than they were in the 1960s, largely along ethnic, class, and language lines.
What are schools?
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