Facts
How many bones are in the body?
206
Define the term 'Cancellous bone'
Bone at the end of long bones that is spongey and looks like honeycomb. (or similar)
Breathing and exchange of gases is a function of what system?
Respiratory
What are the three components within the circulatory system
- the blood
- the heart
- the blood vessels
Name one voluntary muscle and one involuntary muscle
Voluntary
- biceps, triceps, quads
Involuntary
- heart, smooth muscle, diaphragm
At what age do your bones fuse together?
2 years
Define the term cartilage
The creation of blood cells is a function of what system?
Skeletal
Identify and describe the function of each of the blood vessels
Artery - moves blood away from the heart
Vein - moves blood towards the heart
Capillary - exchange of gasses between veins and arteries
When kicking a ball, the knee undergoes extension. What muscle is the agonist and what muscle is the antagonist
Agonist - quadraceps
Antagonist - hamstrings
How many muscles are in the body?
Over 600
Define the term 'blood vessels'
The tubes that carry and transport blood, oxygen and nutrients around the body. (or similar)
Provide 3 functions of the skeletal system
1. To provide shape
2. To enable movement
3. To support the bodies structure
4. To protect organs and tissues
5. Produce blood cells
Identify and describe the three types of muscles
1. Skeletal - movement of bones in the skeleton
2. Smooth - within the tissues to allow for movement of waste in the body
3. Cardiac - assists in the circulation of blood and oxygen
What type of muscle contraction is it when there is no change in the muscle length?
Isometric
What is the normal range of resting heart rate in BPM
Between 60-100bpm
Define the term 'arteries'
Blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart throughout the body
Provide 4 functions of the muscular system
1. Allows movement
2. To keep the body in the correct position/posture
3. The circulate the blood - the heart is a muscle that pumps blood around the body
4. To allow breathing - breathing involves the use of the diaphragm muscle
5. To allow digestion - Smooth muscles in the digestive system control digestion
1. Long e.g. femur, humerus
2. Short e.g. carpals, tarsals
3. Irregular e.g. vertebrae
4. Flat e.g. skulls, scapula
Provide 2 reasons why a low resting heart rate is good for you?
- means your heart is more efficient at pumping out blood
- the left ventricle is strong and can pump a lot of blood out
- you have a greater range of max intensity
How many muscles are in the face and how many does it take to frown?
43 total and takes all 43 to frown
Define the 'diaphragm'
The major muscle of respiration to help out lungs breathe (or similar)
Provide the 5 functions of the circulatory system
1. transport hormones
2. transport oxygen and nutrients
3. Removal of carbon dioxide and waste
4. works with respiratory system to bring blood to and from the lungs
5. Fights infections
Identify and describe the function of the 5 main components in a synovial joint
Bone
Cartilage - absorbs shock
Synovial fluid - lubrication
Synovial membrane - creates synovial fluid
Joint capsual - holds the joint together
Describe the flow of air in the respiratory system.
- air travels in the nose and through the nasal cavity
- goes down the pharynx, passed the larynx and into the bronchi
- it goes into the bronchioles and then alveoli for gas exchange