Growing Minds
This language expert argued humans are born with a language acquisition device.
Who is Noam Chomsky?
A reward that strengthens behavior is called this.
What is a Reinforcer?
Thinking everyone else shares your beliefs is related to this concept.
What is Attribution Theory?
The realistic decision-making part of Freud’s personality structure.
What is the Ego?
Motivation driven by rewards or outside pressures.
What is Extrinsic Motivation?
The smallest meaningful unit in language.
What is a Morpheme?
A baby’s automatic response to stimuli is called this.
What is a Reflex?
Adding something unpleasant to decrease behavior.
What is Positive Punishment?
Helping behavior intended to benefit others.
What is Prosocial Behavior?
The moral component of personality.
What is the Superego?
This theory says motivation comes from biological needs seeking balance.
What is Drive-Reduction Theory?
Rules for combining words into sentences.
What is Syntax?
This term refers to the smallest unit of sound in language.
What is a Phoneme?
Tolman used rats to demonstrate this hidden type of learning.
What is Latent Learning?
Poor decision-making caused by pressure for harmony in groups.
What is Groupthink?
This theory emphasizes free will and personal growth.
What is Humanistic Theory?
This theory argues emotions are based on physical arousal plus interpretation.
What is the Two-Factor Theory?
Negative attitudes toward a group based on stereotypes.
What is Prejudice?
This researcher studied attachment using rhesus monkeys.
Who is Harry Harlow?
A reinforcement schedule based on a specific number of responses.
What is Fixed-Ratio Schedule?
This experimenter demonstrated conformity using line judgment tasks.
Who is Solomon Asch?
This personality model includes openness and conscientiousness.
What is the Big Five Traits?
Cultural expectations for emotional expression are called this.
What are Display Rules?
Actions based on prejudice are called this.
What is Discrimination?
This type of intelligence refers to accumulated knowledge over time.
What is Crystallized Intelligence?
Giving up after repeated failures is called this.
What is Learned Helplessness?
The phenomenon where agreeing to a small request increases compliance later.
What is the Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon?
The theory emphasizing interaction between thoughts, behaviors, and environment.
What is Social-Cognitive Theory?
This theory states people seek optimal levels of stimulation.
What is Arousal Theory?
Feeling discomfort from conflicting beliefs and behaviors.
What is Cognitive Dissonance?