The Cerebral Cortex
Basal Nuclei
Thalamus / Hypothalamus
Limbic System
Cerebellum / Brain Stem
100
How are the cerebral hemispheres divided?
By the corpus callosum
100
What is a nucleus?
Collection of cells in the CNS
100
What is the function of the thalamus?
Sensory relay station
100
What neurotransmitters are involved in the limbic system?
Dopamine, Serotonin, and Norepinephrine
100
What are the function of the cerebellum?
Voluntary movement and proprioception Balance Planning Execution Stimulates muscle tone
200
Describe the difference between the outer shell and the inner core.
Outer shell = grey matter (cell bodies, dendrites) Inner core = white matter (axons)
200
Is the BN inhibitory or excitatory?
Inhibitory
200
How does the thalamus play a role in motor control?
Reinforces voluntary motor behavior
200
How does the limbic system play a role in emotion?
Feelings/moods, physical response, amygdala - fear
200
What disease symptoms are associated with problems of the cerebellum?
Poor balance, decreased tone, intention tumor, jerkiness
300
How is the cerebral cortex organized (layers versus columns)?
Layers = functions Columns = body part
300
What are the three functions?
1) inhibits muscle tone 2) patterns - selecting and maintaining purposeful motor 3) Posture / support
300
What is the main function of the hypothalamus (two words)?
Homeostatic functions
300
The limbic system play a role in motivated behaviors, what is a motivated behavior?
Goal directed behaviors, Reward versus punishment center
300
What structures are involved in the brain stem?
Pons, medulla, midbrain
400
What are the four lobes?
Temporal, parietal, frontal, occipital
400
What disease occurs if dopamine neurons are destroyed in the BN?
Parkinson's
400
What are the 9 functions of the hypothalamus
(1) Body temperature (2) Thirst / Urine control (3) Food intake (satiety) (4) Anterior Pituitary hormone secretion (5) Synthesis of Post Pit hormones (6) Uterine contractions / milk injections (lactation) (7) Autonomic nervous system coordination center (8) Emotion / behavior (9) Sleep-wake cycle
400
How is depression caused?
A deficiency of serotonin or norepinephrine
400
What are the functions of the brain stem?
Homeostasis - cardiovascular / respiratory Posture/balance Autonomic NS RAS formation
500
What is the specialization of the lobes?
Occipital = vision Temporal = hearing Parietal = receiving sensory input (somatosensation / proprioception) Frontal = Contains primary motor cortex, speaking, thought
500
Describe parkinson's disease.
Increased muscle tone, rigidity Resting tumors - involuntary, useless movements (shaking) Slow start and stop
500
None:)
None
500
How is schizophrenia caused?
too much activation of the dopamine system
500
None:)
None
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