Parts
What molecule is recycled during the Calvin cycle to produce glucose?
CO2
The Calvin Cycle reduces CO2 to _____.
G3P
How many PGA's does 1 carbon dioxide make?
2
How many turns of the Calvin Cycle are required to produce 1 molecule of glucose?
2 turns to create glucose (2 x G3P needed),
What is the enzyme that attaches CO2 to RuBP?
RuBisCO
What is the overall process of the Calvin cycle?
It uses ATP and NADPH produced by light reactions to make carbohydrates
How many G3P's are produced from 12 PGA's?
12
How many turns of the Calvin Cycle are required to produce a 36-C molecule?
12 turns (36/3 = 12, so 12 G3P molecules are needed)
Where in a plant cell does the Calvin Cycle take place?
The stroma!
What is the role of ATP in the Calvin Cycle?
To provide energy for glucose synthesis
Describe the first reactions of the Calvin Cycle.
Rubisco catalyzed reaction of joining 3 molecules of CO2 with 3 molecules of RuBP, creating unstable 6 carbon molecules which split into 6 molecules of phosphoglycerate (PGA)
How many molecules of CO2 are required to make one molecule of glucose?
6 CO2
What products of the light reactions are used in the Calvin Cycle?
ATP & NADPH
Which of the following reactions occurs during the Calvin cycle? Choose all answers that apply:
-Carbon dioxide release
-RuBP regeneration
-Carbon fixation
-Carbon reduction
-RuBP regeneration : G3P is recycled
-Carbon fixation : CO2 is fixed and reduced to form G3P
-Carbon reduction : CO2 is fixed and reduced to form G3P
The Calvin cycle is considered light-independent. However, most often the Calvin cycle takes place in sunlight. Why?
The Calvin cycle requires ATP and NADPH, which requires sunlight
How many molecules of NADPH are required to make one molecule of glucose?
12 NADPH
How many carbons are in 1 RuBP sugar?
5
How is the Calvin Cycle similar to the Krebs’s cycle?
-Both start & end with a carbon based molecule (oxaloacetate & ribulose bisphosphate)
-Series of catalyzed reactions that produce high energy molecules (NADH/NADPH & ATP)
A mutation occurs in the chloroplasts causing its thylakoid membranes to become more permeable to charged ions. What is the change in carbohydrate production?
Fewer carbohydrates would be produced by the Calvin cycle.
-Weaker proton gradient means less ATP and therefore less carbon fixation
How many molecules of ATP are required to make one molecule of glucose?
18 ATP