The Heart
What separates oxygenated blood from deoxygenated blood in the heart?
The septum.
What two blood vessels attached to the heart are involved in the pulmonary circuit
The pulmonary arteries (pulmonary trunk), and the pulmonary veins.
Which types of blood vessel have muscles?
Arteries and veins, not capillaries.
Where in the body is blood at its highest oxygen content?
Everywhere between the lungs and the aorta: the pulmonary veins, left heart chambers, and the aorta.
What are cells suspended in the bloods fluid matrix called?
Formed elements.
Why are the right and left of heart diagrams opposite of an onlookers right and left?
Most diagrams show the heart from the front, and its parts are based on the left and right of the organs owner.
What is the largest artery in the body?
The aorta.
How do veins deal with low blood pressures?
They have valves to prevent backflow of blood, and use peristalsis to help blood move.
What percentage of blood does each component of blood make up?
Plasma - 55%
White blood cells - 1%
Red blood cells - 44%
They are also called red blood cells, and they transport oxygen using hemoglobin.
What are the layers of the hearts wall?
You can get 100 bonus points for the correct order from external to internal.
What happens to blood vessels as they get further and further away from the heart?
What are the 5 types of blood vessel, in order of away from heart to towards heart?
Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins.
What cells are responsible for the clotting of blood?
You can get a bonus 100 points for providing the big science looking name.
Platelets are responsible for the clotting of blood; theys stick together and create a barrier to stop bleeding until the blood vessel can heal.
They are also called thrombocytes.
What is a leukocyte and what does it do?
Leukocytes are white blood cells, they protect the body from foreign things, such as pathogens or transplanted organs.
Starting in the vena cava, what does blood pass through to reach the aorta? Include heart chambers, valves, blood vessels, and the cool breathing organ.
You can recive an extra 300 points for the correct order.
The right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary arteries, the lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, and the aortic semilunar valve.
What are 3 ways to test someones pulse?
At the wrist, neck, ankle, pelvis, knee, chest, inner elbow, armpit, and above the ear.
What is the length of all your blood vessels combined?
100,000 km to 160,000 km, for children and adults respectively.
What is the pH range of blood?
7.35 to 7.45 (!)
Where do blood cells from?
You can get an additional 200 points for the name of the process.
Blood cells are formed by stem cells made in bone marrow.
The process is called hematopoiesis.
What are purkinje fibers?
A specific heart muscle tissue responsible for the generation of the heart impulses；they are a part of the system that controls how your heart beats.
Where does the exchange of O2 and CO2 from blood take place in the lungs?
Alveoli, little lumpy looking things in the lungs.
What are the 3 main layers of an artery/vein, in order from external to internal?
Tunicaa externa, tunica media, tunica intima.
What are the 3 basic types of proteins found in plasma?
Globulins, albumins, fibrinogens.
How many hemes are in a hemoglobin, and what does this mean for the amount of oxygen a single hemoglobin can carry?