Organelles and the Cell
What controls the cell's functions?
Nucleus
How do you carry a microscope?
One hand on the arm and the other under the base. Hold it close to your body.
Robert Hooke coined what term?
Cell
What is the name of the substance that keeps the membrane fluid and flexible?
Cholesterol
What is the theory called that suggests something not of this world brought life here?
Alien origin of life
What organelle stores water?
Vacuole
Which lens do you use when you first view your slide and why?
You use the 4x objective lens because you need to find the specimen.
What is the name of the scientist that thought he saw little animals under the microscope?
Leeuwenhoek
Draw a phospholipid and label it.
Draw picture here:
What is the name of the organism thought to have been the common ancestor of all life?
(What do the letters represent?)
L.U.C.A.
Last Universal Common Ancestor
What two organelles both synthesize materials for the cell and/or outside the cell?
Smooth ER and Rough ER
How did the letter "e" look under the microscope?
And why?
Flipped upside down and backwards.
The objective lens inverts the image and the eyepiece magnifies it without correcting the orientation
What microscope allows us to view viruses?
Electron microscopes
The cell membrane is semi-permeable, explain why this is true.
Phospholipid bi-layer has a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end. Due to the polar nature of the tails, most water soluble molecules cannot pass through without assistance.
What are the three major branches of the phylogenetic tree?
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria (Monera)
Eukaryotic (protist, fungi, plant, animal)
What structures does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not? Which one does the animal cell have that the plant cell does not?
Plant has cell wall, chloroplast and central vacuole.
Animal cell has lysosomes.
What are the three different type of microscopes?
Light
Electron
Scanning Probe
Which microscope allows us to see atoms?
Scanning Probe Microscope
What are the three macromolecules that can be found in the cell membrance and what are their functions?
Lipid- barrier
Carbohydrate- identification tags
Protein- carriers/channels
What are the first two cell types that we learned about in class and how do they differ from one another?
Prokaryote-no true nucleus
Eukaryote- membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles
What structures were you able to see under the microscope for the cheek and elodea cells?
Cheek- cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus
Elodea- cell wall and chloroplast.
How do you calculate total magnification?
Eyepiece times whatever objective lens you are using at the time.
What microscope allows us to track the evolution of viruses?
Chemoscopes.
Write the chemical formula for a phospholipid.
Phosphate + glycerol + 2 fatty acids
What are the parts of the cell theory?
1- All living things are made of cells.
2- Cells come from pre-exisiting cells
3- Cells are the building blocks of life.