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1) Which type of cell are dinoflagellates?
A. Prokaryotic, because it has a flagellum.
B. Eukaryotic, because it contains a nucleus.
C. Prokaryotic, because it has free floating DNA.
D. Eukaryotic, because it does not contain membrane bound organelles.
B. Eukaryotic, because it contains a nucleus.
6) A human sperm cell moves its flagella back and forth in order to move through its environment.
Which statement describes how this eukaryotic cell transfers energy to the flagellum in order to
allow it to move?
A. The mitochondria is used in the cell to make the glucose needed to create ATP.
B. The cell uses the mitochondria to generate high energy proteins that move the flagella.
C. The cell mitochondria utilize cellular respiration to generate glucose that gives the flagella
energy to move.
D. The mitochondria produce ATP to release energy when a phosphate is removed, allowing
the flagellum to move.
D. The mitochondria produce ATP to release energy when a phosphate is removed, allowing
the flagellum to move.
11) The diagram below shows three different proteins embedded in a cell membrane, as well as
the concentration gradient surrounding the cell.
Which of the following statements correctly states the process shown in the diagram?
A. The process labeled 1 shows how cells can easily move molecules with the concentration
gradient using high energy molecules.
B. The process labeled 2 shows how cells move molecules against the concentration
gradient without needing high energy molecules.
C. The process labeled 3 shows how cells use ATP to facilitate the active transport of
molecules against the concentration gradient.
D. All three processes show how molecules freely move in and out of the cell regardless of
the concentration gradient or available energy.
C. The process labeled 3 shows how cells use ATP to facilitate the active transport of
molecules against the concentration gradient.
16) Myosin, a protein found in muscle cells, is responsible for relaxing and contracting all muscles
cells in your body. Myosin is able to contract muscle filaments by "walking" along the muscle
fiber. This "walking” process requires energy and is shown in the diagram below. You can see
the myosin in pink and the muscle fiber it is walking along in gold.
Which of the following statements explains how the myosin is able to use energy to move along muscle fibers?
A. Myosin breaks the bonds in its amino acid chain to make ATP and move along the muscle cells.
B. Myosin breaks down ATP to make quick energy in the form of glucose to contract the muscle cells.
C. Myosin breaks bonds in ATP to release energy that allows the myosin to move up the muscle cell allowing it to contract.
D. Myosin uses important energy molecules like glucose to energize the muscle cell, by adding a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP.
C. Myosin breaks bonds in ATP to release energy that allows the myosin to move up the
muscle cell allowing it to contract.
2) Which type of transport do the dinoflagellates use to create an influx of calcium ions?
A. Active transport through the use of endocytosis.
B. Active transport through the use of a protein gate.
C. Passive transport through the process of osmosis.
D. Passive transport through the process of facilitated diffusion.
D. Passive transport through the process of facilitated diffusion.
7) Students were looking at different organisms under the microscope when they found an error.
Students agree Figure A shows human skin cells. However, the students don’t believe there is
evidence to support Figure B being considered a living thing.
Which part of cell theory best supports the ability to make that claim?
A. All living things are made of cells.
B. The basic unit of life has a nucleus.
C. All cells come from preexisting cells.
D. Cells are rapidly evolving to become more complex.
A. All living things are made of cells.
12) Four different types of cells are shown below.
Which characteristics are shared by all four cells?
A. genetic material and ribosomes
B. membrane-bound organelles and a cell wall
C. presence of a mitochondria and cell membrane
D. mechanism for transforming sunlight into energy and DNA
A. genetic material and ribosomes
17) The diagram below represents a cell in water.
Which of the following best describes the type of transport that is occurring?
A. Diffusion, because water is moving across the cell membrane going with the
concentration gradient.
B. Osmosis, because water is moving across the cell membrane going with the concentration gradient.
C. Diffusion, because water is moving across the cell membrane going against the
concentration gradient.
D. Osmosis, because water is moving across the cell membrane going against the
concentration gradient.
B. Osmosis, because water is moving across the cell membrane going with the
concentration gradient.
3) How does the structure of an organelle support its function in the cells of dinoflagellates?
A. The fluid composition of the cytoplasm directly synthesizes hydrogen protons and pumps
them into the vacuole to generate light.
B. The large, hollow structure of the vacuole allows for additional storage of important
reactants needed for bioluminescence.
C. The rounded thylakoids within the chloroplast contain chlorophyll that absorbs light during
the day and releases hydrogen protons at night.
D. The flattened cisternae of the golgi body modifies and packages the hydrogen protons to
be transported directly to the scintillon.
B. The large, hollow structure of the vacuole allows for additional storage of important
reactants needed for bioluminescence.
8) Which statement best summarizes why the cell theory was developed over time?
A. As cells change, they proved the cell theory was inaccurate.
B. The discovery of new evidence resulted in changes to the cell theory.
C. Changes in cell models showed the cell theory was based on opinion.
D. The cell theory was modified with the discovery of every new organelle.
B. The discovery of new evidence resulted in changes to the cell theory.
13) Plant cells have one central vacuole. Which statement explains how the central vacuole
supports the function of the plant cell?
A. A larger central vacuole has a larger membrane surface area, which increases the rate of production of ATP.
B. The large surface area of the central vacuole increases the production of necessary proteins needed for the cell.
C. The central vacuole stores the genetic material of the cell in a central location, allowing all organelles to function more effectively.
D. As the central vacuole expands with molecules needed for photosynthesis, it causes the cell to become more rigid and creates structural support to the plant.
D. As the central vacuole expands with molecules needed for photosynthesis, it causes the
cell to become more rigid and creates structural support to the plant.
4) The table below compares observations collected for 2 different cells.
Cell 1
does not have a nucleus
does not have membrane-bound organelles
has circular DNA
Cell 2
has a nucleus
has linear DNA
has memberane-bound organelles
Which of these correctly identifies the two cells described in the table?
A. Both Cell 1 and Cell 2 are eukaryotic.
B. Both Cell 1 and Cell 2 are prokaryotic.
C. Cell 1 is eukaryotic and Cell 2 is prokaryotic.
D. Cell 1 is prokaryotic and Cell 2 is eukaryotic.
9) A student comes across the following diagram during research on the cell membrane.
The student learns that this transport method moves large or charged particles with the
concentration gradient and does not require energy. What method of cell transport is the
student learning about?
A. Osmosis
B. Endocytosis
C. Simple diffusion
D. Facilitated diffusion
D. Facilitated diffusion
14) In the past, some scientists accepted the theory of spontaneous generation. This theory states
that organisms can arise from nonliving matter. Currently, scientists use the cell theory to
explain the origin and growth of new organisms. Which of these statements is a key idea of cell
theory and a rejection of spontaneous generation?
A. The cell is the basic unit of life.
B. All living things are made of matter.
C. All cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.
D. All cells are formed from the combination of two other cells.
C. All cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.
5) In some cells, there are two types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) known as the smooth ER
and the rough ER as seen in the image below.
How is the location of the rough ER related to its overall purpose for the cell?
A. The rough ER is near the nucleus which holds the instructions that allow the ribosomes to
make proteins.
B. By being closely attached to the smooth ER, the rough ER can easily sort, synthesize,
and package lipids for the cell.
C. The rough ER is used as an extra layer of protection around the nucleus to
prevent ribosomes from entering the nucleus.
D. Being close to the nucleus helps the rough ER receive better direction on producing
energy in the form of ATP for the cell.
A. The rough ER is near the nucleus which holds the instructions that allow the ribosomes to
make proteins.
10) The diagram below shows a molecular process that occurs within a cell.
What process is occurring in the image?
A. The production of sugar.
B. The production of mitochondria.
C. The storing of energy for use by the cell.
D. The releasing of energy for use by the cell.
D. The releasing of energy for use by the cell.
15) The mitochondria is surrounded by a double-membrane system, as depicted in the image
below.
Which of the following best explains the purpose of the inner membrane?
A. to prevent the mitochondria from folding in on itself
B. to provide a large surface area for the production of ATP
C. to provide a large surface area for the production of glucose
D. to protect the genetic information that is stored in the organelle
B. to provide a large surface area for the production of ATP