The structural and functional unit of all living organisms.
What is Cell.
100
A specific boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell.
What is Plasma Membrane.
100
The organelle that helps manufacture proteins.
What is Ribosomes.
100
The environment inside the plasma membrane, which is a semifluid material.
What is Cytoplasm.
100
The net movement of particles from an area where there are many particles of the substance to an area where there are fewer particles of the substance. Does not require energy.
What is Diffusion.
200
An English scientist who discovered cells in 1665, and compared them to the cells in which monks live at a monastery.
What is Robert Hooke.
200
The membrane allows some substances to pass through while keeping others out.
What is Selective Permeability.
200
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into sacs called vesicles.
What is Golgi Apparatus.
200
The site of ribosome production within the nucleus.
What is Nucleolus.
200
Continuous movement but no overall change.
What is Dynamic Equilibrium.
300
One of the fundamental ideas of modern biology that has the following three principles:
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms.
Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing copies of their genetic material on to their daughter cells.
What is Cell Theory.
300
Plasma membrane layers composed of phospholipid molecules (which are molecules with a glycerol back bone) arranged with polar heads facing outside and nonpolar tails facing inside.
What is Phospholipid Bilayer.
300
A sac used to store food, enzymes, and other materials needed by the cell. Animal cells usually don't contain this.
What is Vacuole.
300
Vesicles that contain substances that digest excess or worn out organelles and food particles.
What is Lysosome.
300
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane. Does not require energy.
What is Osmosis.
400
The scientific instrument that enabled the discovery of cells.
What is Microscope.
400
Moves substances or wastes through the plasma membrane
What is Transport Protein.
400
Projections from cell surfaces that aid in locomotion and feeding; also used to sweep substances along surfaces.
What is Cilia.
400
Organelles made of microtubules that function during cell division. Located in the cytoplasm of animal cells and most protists and usually near the nucleus.
What is Centrioles.
400
The movement of substances across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient. Requires energy.
What is Active Transport.
500
Specialized structures that carry out specific cell functions.
What is Organelle.
500
A plasma membrane with components constantly in motion, sliding past one another within the lipid bilayer.
What is Fluid Mosaic Model.
500
Projections that aid in locomotion and feeding.
What is Flagella.
500
A membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis.
What is Endoplasmic Reticulum.
500
The process by which a cell surrounds a substance in the outside environment, enclosing the substance in a portion of the plasma membrane.