Structure and Function of DNA
One DNA strand has a base sequence GTCCATA. This is the base sequence on the second strand of DNA.
What is CAGGTAT?
A single stranded piece of a DNA has the following bases: ACTGAG. This is the matching sequence on its RNA transcript
What is UGACUC?
The process that turns mRNA into a protein.
What is Translation?
Any change to an organism's DNA/genome.
What is a mutation?
The enzyme that makes the product of transcription.
What is RNA polymerase?
Monomers of DNA and RNA
What are Nucleotides?
The result of transcription.
What is mRNA?
The monomers of protein
What are Amino Acids?
This type of mutation occurs when bases are inserted or deleted, causing ALL the codons from the point of mutation forward to change, thus causing all the amino acids to change.
What is an out-of-frame (frameshift) mutation?
What is Duchenne MD?
The disease that benefits from exon skipping treatment.
What is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
A sequence of DNA nucleotides that acts as a recipe for a specific protein.
What is a Gene?
The type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome.
What is tRNA?
The common name for rRNA.
What is Ribosome?
A type of mutation that has no effect on the organism.
What is a silent mutation?
The protein involved in sickle cell anemia that carries oxygen in the red blood cells.
What is Hemoglobin?
Phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base.
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
4 differences that separates RNA from DNA.
DNA: deoxyribose sugar, thymine, long, double-stranded, made by DNA replication. stays in nucleus
RNA: ribose sugar, uracil, short, single-stranded, made by transcription. leaves nucleus
A ribosome makes a protein containing 60 amino acids. This is the number of codons included.
What is 60?
This type of mutation occurs when a base is inverted or substituted, causing ONLY ONE CODON from the point of mutation forward to change, thus causing only one amino acid to change.
What is an in-frame-mutation?
What is a point mutation?
Transcribe and Translate the following gene:
TAC GTA TTT GCA CAC
AUG CAU AAA CGU GUG
met his lys arg val
In a sample of DNA, 20% of the bases are adenine. This is the percentage of bases that are guanine.
What is 30%?
The three things that have to happen to pre-mRNA before leaving the nucleus.
What are
Intron splicing
5` cap3
3` poly-A tail?
This is what we call a chain of amino acids (a protein before it gets its shape).
What is a Polypeptide?
The type of mutation that causes sickle cell anemia.
What is a point mutation?
What is a substitution?
The disease that benefits from an ATP inhibitor drug.
What is chronic myeloid leukemia?