What two elements are required for a compound to be "organic?"
What is carbon and hydrogen.
100
Foods like pasta, fruit, cookies, candy, and bread have a high amount of this type of macromolecule.
What is carbohydrate.
100
Name two examples of nucleic acids.
What are DNA and RNA.
100
Enzymes are which type of macromolecule?
What is protein.
200
Describe the difference between growing and developing.
Growing = to get bigger/taller, and develop = to get more complex over time
200
What is the difference between a compound and an element. Give an example of each.
An element is a specific atom, and a compound is made of two or more different elements. Examples: elements - SPONCHCaFe. Compounds - H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6.
200
Name 2 functions of lipids.
1) store energy for long-term use 2) protect cells/tissues
200
1) These monomers have a long chain shape 2) they build macromolecules called...
1) Fatty acids 2) Lipids
200
Why is an enzyme called a catalyst?
An enzyme is called a catalyst because it speeds up the rate of chemical reactions.
300
What is homeostasis? Give a real life example.
What is "to maintain a stable internal environment or balance". Real life examples: sweat to cool off, shiver to get warmer, feel thirsty when you don't have enough water, feel hungry when you don't have enough sugar, etc.
300
Name the 8 most common elements of life. Which are the three most common?
SPONCH (CaFe). The three most common are CHO.
300
All sugars end in what three letters?
What is "ose".
300
1) Proteins are made of monomers called .... 2) What should you look for to know that you're looking at a monomer of a protein?
1) Amino acids 2) The amino group on the left (NH2 or NH3)
300
What is the active site?
The specific space on the enzyme where the substrate can fit and bind to the enzyme.
400
What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph? Give an example of each.
Auto = self. Autotrophs make their own energy (example: plants). Hetero = different. Heterotrophs consume other organisms for energy (example: animals and fungus).
400
1) Put the following in order from least to greatest: population, ecosystem, organism, community. 2) Describe the difference between a population and a community.
What is organism, population, community, and ecosystem. A population is a group of organisms that belong to the same species living and interacting in the same area. A community is a group of organisms of different species living and interacting in the same area.
400
Monosaccarides are the monomers (building blocks) of ... 2) What shape does a monosaccharide have?
1) Carbohydrates 2) Ring-shape
400
1) Nucleotides are the monomers of ... 2) What are the three parts of a nucleotide? (not pool house, garage!)
What does the word denature mean in relation to an enzyme? When/why do enzymes denature?
When an enzyme denatures, it changes shape. Because it changes shape, it can no longer bond to the substrate, and therefore no longer works. Enzymes can denature if it is too hot or the pH is not optimal.
500
Name all 7 out of the 8 characteristics of life.
1) made of cells 2) grow/develop 3) reproduce 4) maintain homeostasis 5) respond to the environment 6) as a population, they evolve/adapt 7) obtain and use energy 8) uses DNA as the genetic code.
500
Put the following in order from smallest to largest: cell, organism, element, organelle, tissue, monomer, organ, polymer, organ system
What is element, monomer, polymer, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
500
What are TWO functions of carbohydrates?
1) used for quick energy 2) they are how plants store sugar (starch) 3) they build the cell wall of plants (cellulose)
500
What is the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
Dehydration synthesis ("dehydrate" = remove water / "synthesis" = to make) is the joining of two molecules (or compounds) together following the removal of water, making 1 larger product. Hydrolysis ("lysis" = to cut or break) is the breaking of a bond in a molecule using water, creating two smaller molecules.
500
The role of an enzyme in a chemical reaction is to lower what?
What is the activation energy, or the energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur.