Signs/symptoms/Characteristics
Causes
What is this?
Meds and priorities

Neuro Misc.

100
Eye opening, verbal response, motor response. 

13-15 minor

9-12 moderate

3-8 severe

What is the Glascow Coma Scale ( GCS)
100
Head trauma, increased CSF, blood in CSF, blood accumulation, over or mal production of CSF, cerebral edema, lesions that take up brain space (trauma, infections, tumors, hydrocephalus, aneurysms, acute liver failure)
What are causes of intracranial pressure
100
Aids in protecting the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. This watery cushion absorbs shock. Also maintains homeostasis as it drains unwanted substances away from the brain. 
What is cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)
100
Given to patients with ICP to aid in decreasing cerebral swelling and edema.
What are diuretics
100
3 membranes that surround the brain
What are the Dura mater, Arachnoid, and Pia mater
200
An excruciating headache, irritability, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, nuchal rigidity, seizures, petechiae, purpura rash, positive Brudzinski sign, positive Kernigs sign. 
What is the s/s of bacterial Meningitis
200
Caused by tumors, hemorrhage, infections, or congenital. most often congenital related to prematurity. in older children, common complication of meningitis. 
What are causes of hydrocephalus 
200
This procedure is performed to either collect CSF via needle aspiration for diagnosing meningitis or sometimes used to administer medication. 
What is a lumber puncture
200
The hcp has prescribed lorazepam, diazepam, and midazolam- all have not been effective in controlling the seizure- the next drug of choice would be?
What is phenobarbitol
200
Chief concerns ( headaches, seizures, clumsiness,steadiness, LOC,developmental delays) past history ( difficult birth, delay in resp., head injury, fall, accident) and physical exam of increased head circumference, bulging fontanels, pupil size/retraction, deep tendon reflexes, vomiting,spastic muscles,neck stiff, high temp, low pulse and low resp. 
What is a neurological assessment
300
Behavior changes(early sign in a child), headache(c) irritability(i) projectile vomiting, bulging fontanels(I) separation of cranial sutures, high-pitched cry, visual changes, sun-setting eyes, fixed-dilated pupils, increased head circumference, pulse and respirations down, temp and bp up. 
What are signs and symptoms of intracranial pressure
300
Generally a symptom of an underlying disorder, common causes are infections, head trauma, cerebral edema, tumors, genetic, febrile or idiopathic 
What are seizures
300
Sac of fluid protrudes through the baby's back. Does not contain the spinal cord or meninges. Fluid only. 
What is meningocele (spina bifida)
300
Increased appetite, bleeding, and gingival hypertrophy are all common side effects of what drug?
What is phenytoin ( Dilantin)
300
A ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP) is placed into the ventricle and runs to the abdominal cavity where CSF can be reabsorbed. 
What is the primary intervention for hydrocephalus
400
Open ( risk for infection), closed ( no break), coup, contrecoup, hemorrhage, CSF leakage, cervical spine injury
What are types of head injuries? 
400
The patient is experiencing a peculiar sensation and seeing flashing light immediately before a seizure- what is this
What is a aura
400
The lab report states results of cloudy, elevated WBC, protein, low glucose in CSF. What is the diagnosis that is causing these results?
What is bacterial meningitis
400
This is the nurse's priority for a patient having a seizure
What is to maintain an airway- turn patient on the side. Keep safe. 
400
Most severe form, a disorder consisting of the spinal cord, meninges, and nerves protrude through an opening in the baby's back, covered by a thin membrane. 
What is myelomeningocele ( spina bifida)
500
A child with hypertonic muscles, poor balance and posture, poor muscle control, impaired fine and gross mote skills, light heel tendons (scissor walking), floppy head, limb stiffness, and seizures. 
What is a child with spastic cerebral palsy?
500
Streptococcus pneumoniae, E coli or Strep B, overcrowded conditions, injuries that provide direct access to CSF, upper resp. infections, influenza type B ( HIB) 
What are causes of bacterial meningitis
500
A small gap in the spine with no opening or protrusion (not visible). Hair or dark spot might be visible in the lumbar area. May go undiscovered.
What is Spina bifida occulta
500
Droplet precautions ( 24 hr post antibiotics)
What are isolation precautions for the child with bacterial meningitis
500
Medications/substances taken during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, insufficient folic acid during pregnancy, exposure to radiation or chemicals during pregnancy. 
What are risk factors for spina bifida
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