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Who wore blue in the Civil War?
Who wore gray in the Civil War?
the Confederacy
What are casualties?
the number of dead, wounded, and/or captured in a battle or war
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
President Lincoln's order that all slaves in rebel states were free
What was the United States' largest and (arguably) best army in the Civil War?
What was the Confederacy's largest and best army in the Civil War?
Army of the Potomac
Army of Northern Virginia
What were the United States of America called during the Civil War?
the Union, "Yankees", "Federals"
What was Fort Sumter known for during the Civil War?
It was where the first shots were fired of the Civil War. Technically it was a battle, but this federal building was bombarded by South Carolina and there were no casualties. The fort surrendered.
What was South Carolina well known for in the Civil War?
They seceded (left) the United States first.
"Most likely to SeCede." (SC = South Carolina)
What were the Confederate States of America called during the Civil War?
"The South", "Rebels", "Confederacy"
What happened during the Battle of the Ironclads?
It was a 4.5-hour battle between the Merrimack/Virginia (Confederate) and the Monitor (Union).
It was the first-ever battle of its kind between iron warships propelled only by steam. This changed naval warfare forever.
At what famous battle did the Rebel Yell and Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson gain fame after the South's double comeback?
First Battle of Bull Run / First Manassas
Who was Robert E. Lee?
The South's greatest general and one of the greatest generals of all time. Was general of the Army of Northern Virginia. He consistently won battles despite being vastly outnumbered. His aggressiveness was his strength, but then became his tragic flaw in the end.
What were Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, and Missouri known for in the Civil War?
They were the Border States–they supported slavery, but didn't secede from the United States. They stayed in the Union.
Who was Ulysses S. Grant?
A lifelong professional (and sometimes personal) failure until the Civil War who was made Major General of the Army of the Potomac during the Civil War and finally got the job done by commanding the leveling the South and getting their largest army to surrender.
Why was the Battle of Antietam notable?
More people died in that one day than any other day in U.S. history: 3,600 people
The North had found the South's battle plans hidden in cigar wrappers, but the general in charge was still hesitant.
The South lost and retreated, but the North's commanding general didn't finish the job by chasing after them.
President Lincoln finally had a victory so he could issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
What's the Gettysburg Address?
President Abraham Lincoln's short speech to dedicate a cemetery on the battlefield to honor the fallen Federal soldiers; it's considered one of the most beautiful, powerful, and important speeches in world history.
"Four score and seven years ago..."
How did black people contribute to the war effort?
black "conductors" helped slaves escape to freedom via the Underground Railroad before and during the Civil War
185,000 black freemen and former slaves served in the Federal army
black Federals fought bravely at the Battle of Miliken’s Bend against a superior Confederate force
54th Massachusetts: the 2nd ever black regiment that saw extensive action; they were most famous for an assault on Fort Wagner in South Carolina
the South, desperate at the last minute, wanted to train black men to join the army in exchange for freedom–but it never materialized
Why was the Battle of Gettysburg notable?
it had the largest casualties & was the bloodiest (most deaths) in a multi-day battle of the Civil War
the South's general foolishly called for 13,000 to march across an open field and 1,100 were killed ("Pickett's Charge")
At what battle were Federals forced into the “Hornet’s Nest”: a sunken road that turned into a bloody warzone that brutalized the Feds?
This battle also has an ironic name that means "peaceful town".
Battle of Shiloh
What was the Anaconda Plan?
Lincoln's Civil War plan–starve and squeeze the South into submission:
U.S. Navy would blockade the southern coast to prevent the South’s trade with Europe and starve them
U.S. Army would invade with 3 forces in the West, middle, and East
divide the Confederacy and conquer each part individually
What would be Reconstruction?
the process by which the seceded states would be brought back into the union
What was Appomattox Courthouse?
A city where Lee surrendered to Grant in a private house, ending the Civil War (the North defeated the South).
The people living in that house moved there because they lived where the first large battle (Bull Run) of the Civil War took place, and they wanted to get away. The Civil War began in their back yard and ended in their front parlor.
What was Sherman's March to the Sea?
General William Tecumseh Sherman and 112,000 Federals defeated the Confederates twice and successfully invaded Atlanta, GA (a manufacturing hub for the South)
Sherman decided to teach the South a lesson:
forced every southerner to leave Atlanta
burnt down 1/3 of the city
Sherman then marched to Savannah, GA, a port city on the Atlantic Coast. On the way there…
destroyed everything in their path (fields and houses of the rich, poor, black, white)
hundreds of slaves died from disease, starvation, and exposure to the elements because Sherman’s men had no sympathy for them
What were the terms of the final surrender?
Rebels could keep personal weapons and horses
they could return to their homes and not be taken prisoner
Union would provide Rebels with food
(Grant also told his men not to celebrate)
What happened to Lincoln?
while attending the comedy play Our American Cousin at Ford’s Theater on Good Friday, April 14, Lincoln was shot in the back of the head by actor/celebrity John Wilkes Booth
Lincoln died the next day, April 15, 1865
“There lies the most perfect ruler of men the world has ever seen. Now he belongs to the ages.” – Edwin M. Stanton, Sec. of War, moments after Lincoln’s death