Money paid in exchange for the release of prisoners
What is ransom
100
Christians were afraid of their holy land, this city:
What is Jerusalem
100
He called for a European Crusade to drive Muslims from their holy land.
Who is Pope Urban II
100
After the Crusades, these men often replaced Jews to become bankers and moneylenders.
Who were knights
100
A nomadic people north of China:
Who are the Mongols
200
Prejudice toward Jews
What is Anti-Semitism
200
Christians in Europe were alarmed by the Seljuk advance westward, overrunning much of Anatolia, which was part of this empire:
What is the Byzantine Empire
200
The first Crusade was won by these people, who established four kingdoms.
Who are the Crusaders (Christians)
200
Because the Crusades, new foods and clothing were introduced to Europe, making these people very wealthy:
Who are merchants
200
Fierce leader of the Mongols
Who was Genghis Khan
300
A large peninsula at the western edge of Asia; also called Asia Minor
What is Anatolia
300
Jerusalem is the holy city to Christians because they believe:
What is they believe their prophet Jesus was crucified and rose from the dead there?
300
The Second Crusade was won by these people, who defeated enemies in Anatolia and Damascus.
Who are the Muslims
300
These people gained exposure to new weapons and military ideas due to the Crusades:
Who are the Muslims
300
This empire replaced the Byzantine Empire and renamed Constantinople, Istanbul
What is the Ottoman Empire
400
A peninsula in southwestern Europe that today is divided between Spain and Portugal.
What is the Iberian Peninsula
400
Jerusalem is holy to Muslims because
What is they believe this is where Muhammad rose to heaven on his Night Journey.
400
After the third Crusade, a peace treaty was signed by Salah al-Din and this man, which allowed Christian pilgrims to enter Jerusalem and other territory safely.
Who was Richard I of England (Richard the Lionheart)
400
Muslim merchants earned money through the Crusades, allowing for the building of mosques and:
What is religious schools
400
Although Muslim, the Ottomans allowed Christians and Jews considerable freedoms within these local, self-governed communities:
What are Millets
500
A judicial body established by the Catholic Church to combat heresy and other forms of religious error.
What is Inquisition
500
Jerusalem is holy to Jews because
What is this was once their spiritual capital and home to their great Temple.
500
Because of this event, Portugal and Spain were able to re-take the Iberian Peninsula and become independent Catholic countries.
What is the Reconquista
500
Because of the Crusdaes and anti-semitism, this group of people often endured persecutions and/or expulsion:
Who are the Jews
500
This was a Shi'a (Muslim) empire that rivaled the Ottoman Empire (Sunni Muslims) and lasted until the mid 1700s: