BEFORE AGRICULTURE
Based on current archeological evidence, anatomically modern humans have existed for roughly how many years?
What is 200,000-300,000 years?
Agriculture emerged independently in these 4 places:
What are Mesopotamia, China, South America and sub-Saharan Africa
When did the last glacial period end?
What is 10,000 to 15,000 years ago?
What is the definition of a nomad?
A nomad is a person or group that has no fixed home and moves from place to place, typically in search of food or grazing land
The impact of agriculture has been profound on humanity, most clearly in terms of _?
What is population?
YES OR NO: Before roughly 15,000-20,000 years ago, do we have evidence that our ancestors had agriculture?
Neolithic Age means
What is New Stone Age
True or false: It is possible that only 10,000 to 20,000 years ago did we first have the right mix of environmental, mental, and cultural development to implement agriculture.
True
The reason pastoralism flourished when agriculture did not was due to?
Rocky terrain or climates that were inhospitable to plants.
What is one techniques used to be able to make things grow where they might not have before?
What is irrigation?
Before agriculture our ancestors found food using these methods:
What are hunting or foraging/gathering?
How were Neolithic period artifacts different from Paleolithic period artifacts?
Neolithic period artifacts were more smooth and refined than those of the Paleolithic period.
After the glacial period ended, there was more _ in the air.
What is moisture?
The difference between pastoralists and hunter gatherers?
Both were nomads but pastoralists did not rely exclusively on naturally occurring resources
By the time of the Roman Empire (about 10,000 years after the birth of agriculture) the world population had grown to _?
What is over 250 million?
With only hunting and foraging to support human populations, it is estimated that the Earth could only support about _ people
What is about 10 million people?
The first agriculture was likely cultivation of_
What is wild species of plants and basic herding of livestock
After the glacial period ended, there was more moisture in the air & less _ soil.
What is frozen?
What activity did pastoralists engage in with farmers?
Pastoralists traded goods with farmers in a cooperative relationship.
To expand their amount of usable land, agriculturalists cleared forests using the _ technique
What is slash and burn - they would remove a ring of bark from the trees, drying out the trees and allowing them to burn more quickly. The ash from the trees acted as a fertilizer for the soil.
Historians estimate the world population was around _ 10,000 years ago.
What is six to ten million people?
These were some of the first crops:
What are wheat and barley?
After the glacial period ended, there was more moisture in the air, less frozen soil, and better _ overall for more plant and animal life
Pastoralism is the domestication and herding of these three animals:
What are goats, sheep, and cattle?
Pastoralism also brought challenges to the environment and people. Herds of animals concentrated in one area could _ the land, ultimately rendering it unusable or subject to erosion.
What is overgraze?