Major Figures
Who was William Chamberlain?
He taught Bell sign language.
What was the point of Day Schools?
They were created to minimize contact among the Deaf and to teach pure oralism.
What year did AGB die?
1922
What did AGB’s memoir advocate for? (2 things)
2. The firing of deaf teachers
Who was Mabel Hubbard?
AGB’s wife
Where did day schools start, and why there?
Wisconsin because there were many German immigrants there who were used to the oralist movement because it was used heavily in deaf education in Germany.
What time period did oralism gain traction?
1900s
What were 2 differences between Clerc and AGB?
Clerc supported sign, Bell wanted to ban sign
Clerc saw Deafness as a social disability, Bell saw it as a physical defect
Clerc promoted bilingualism, Bell promoted monolingual English
Clerc wanted Deaf teachers, Bell opposed Deaf teachers
Clerc wanted the cultural acceptance of Deaf people, Bell wanted Deaf people to assimilate into hearing culture
Who was St. John Ackers?
He was a member of parliament in 1884 and father to a deaf girl, who toured many deaf schools in both America and Europe and became a prominent oralist after deciding he wanted his daughter to speak.
Why did Bell think the day schools would be better for deaf education compared to the residential schools?
Bell thought assimilation to the hearing world was more important than the education and development of the deaf. By creating more day schools he made sure deaf students were taught pure oralism and kept from interacting with each other, thus making them ”fit in” with a hearing society.
What year did a bill restricting marriage for many groups of people, including deaf and mute people, get made?
Bonus 50 points: Who made the bill?
1907
What did Bell say about society’s interest in avoiding the deaf “defect”?
He said society’s interest in avoiding it outweighed Deafness people’s interest in compatible marriages and childbearing.
Who is Harlan Lane?
A speech psychologist who studied Deaf history
By 1913, what percentage of the Deaf population did the day schools make up?
13%
In 1884, Gallaudet and Bell went head to head testifying before the British Royal Commission, what was the Commission’s conclusion?
A combined system of teaching that included both sign and speech.
What animal did AGB use to study genetics?
Blue eyed, white cats
Bonus 50 points: What was he the president of?
F.L. Seliney
President of Empire State Association of Deaf-Mutes
What did Bell help the Chicago Day School Movement do?
He helped them gain state aid for the schools and helped them oust the principal of the state’s residential school.
What year did AGB invent the telephone?
1876
What did AGB originally want to be professionally?
Pianist