How the Universe was Arranged
in the old geocentric model, this is the center of the universe
What is the Earth?
This simple device people wore on their noses helped them see better, long before anyone argued about what it meant for vision.
What are eyeglasses?
Polish churchman whose Sun-centered model started the Copernicus revolution.
Who is Nicolaus Copernicus
1610 pamphlet in which Galileo first announced his telescope discoveries to the public.
What is Siderius Nuncius?(The Starry Messenger)
Galileo said that since both scripture and nature come from God, " two truths can never" do this.
What is contradict one another?
A sun centered model of the universe is called this
What is heliocentric?
This long tube with lenses let Galileo see the moons of Jupiter.
What is the telescope?
Danish noble who built huge instruments on the island of Hven and made a very accurate star catalog.
Who is Tycho Brahe?
Robert Hooke's 1665 book full of detailed drawings that made microscopic " new worlds" vivid.
What is Micrographia?
This church father said that when there is " strict demonstration" from nature, we should be willing to read scripture non-literally.
Who is Augustine?
This "new star" seen in Cassiopeia in 1572 showed that the heavens were not perfectly unchanging.
What is the supernova of 1572?
Robert Hooke and Antoni van Leeuwenhoek used this tool to see "animalcules" in drops of water.
What is a microscope?
German mathematician who used Tycho's data to discover new laws of planetary motion.
Who is Johannes Kepler?
Short work by Rheticus that first publicized Copernicus's new model before the full book appeared.
What is Narratio Prima?
In this year, Galileo was tried by the Inquisition and forced to abjure his views about the moving Earth.
What is 1633?
In this "Compromise" model, Earth stayed still while the Sun went around Earth and the planets went around the sun.
What is the Tychonic system?
Tycho Brahe's large wall-mounted instrument for measuring star positions very precisely.
What is a mural quadrant?
Italian scientist who turned the telescope to the sky, was the moons of Jupiter, and defended the Copernican idea.
Who is Galileo Galilei?
Early Journal of the Royal Society that printed many of Leeuwenhoek's microscope letters.
What is Philosophical Transactions?
European Reformer who mocked Copernicus as an "upstart astrologer"
Who is Martin Luther?
Copernicus put the sun at the center, but he still kept this ancient idea about the shape of planetary orbits.
What are perfect circles?
Early telescopes and microscopes often gave blurry or colored-edge images because of these kinds of defects in the lenses.
What are aberrations?
Chromatic or spherical aberrations
His letters about "animalcules" in water helped turn the microscope into a major scientific tool.
Who is Antoni van Leeuwenhoek?
Book Galileo wrote late in life under house arrest, now seen as helping start the modern study of motion and structures.
What is Two New Sciences?
Thomas Shadwell's comic play that made Hooke's microscopic claims look silly and helped people laugh off the microscope.
What is The Virtuoso?