U.S. Constitution
To form a more perfect union.What is the ultimate goal of the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution?
To form a more perfect union.
"Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." Brown vs. Board of Education
What was the effect of this U.S. Supreme Court ruling?
Require the integration of public schools.
What was the issue in Mapp vs. Ohio?
Whether the search and seizure of the obscene material was reasonable under the 4th Amendment.
What was the law involving the appointment of an attorney in criminal cases before the Supreme Court decision in Gideon vs. Wainwright?
There had to be "special circumstances."
As a result of the Supreme Court ruling in Miranda vs. Arizona, what is a person charged with a crime now entitled to have (read to him/her)?
Miranda warnings.
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution states the wartime powers of the legislative branch?
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution states the wartime powers of the legislative branch?Article I.
"We conclude that in the field of public education, the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal..." Brown vs. Board of Education
What does this quotation illustrate about the Supreme Court's power?
The Supreme Court can overrule state laws.
Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court when Mapp vs. Ohio was decided?
Chief Justice Earl Warren.
What were the "special circumstances"?
1) The defendant was illiterate.
2) The defendant was incompetent (could not represent him/herself).
3) The case was complicated.
What crime was Ernesto Miranda charged and ultimately convicted of?
Kidnapping and rape.
The authors of the U.S. Constitution believed that the voice of the people should be heard frequently. Which part of the government was instituted to respond most directly to the will of the people?
House of Representatives
What was a goal of the Supreme Court decision in Brown vs. Board of Education and the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Increase equal rights for African Americans.
What Amendment was at issue in Mapp vs. Ohio?
The 4th Amendment.
What does the following quote from the Sixth Amendment mean: "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy...the assistance of counsel for his defense."
It means that the accused shall be provided with an attorney if he/she cannot afford one.
What was one criticism of the Warren Court's decision in Miranda vs. Arizona?
It limited police powers while expanding the rights of criminal defendants.
What is the main function/role of the Supreme Court.
To interpret the U.S. Constitution.
The Supreme Court in Brown vs. Board of Education is based on the idea that segregation in education is likely to have what type of social and economic impact on African American students?
Deny African Americans equal opportunities/negative impact.
What is the central issue in the Supreme Court cases Gideon vs. Wainwright and Mapp vs. Ohio?
Rights of the accused.
What crime was Gideon charged with?
Breaking and entering (burglary).
"...no person...shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself..."
What does this phrase from the 5th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution mean?
An <accused> person cannot be forced to testify against himself.
The United States Constitution grants certain powers only to the federal government. For example, only congress can declare war. What are these powers called?
Delegated powers.
Which constitutional issue was raised in Brown vs. Board of Education?
The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.
What was the role of the Exclusionary Rule in Mapp vs. Ohio?
The U.S. Supreme Court made the Exculsionary Rule applicable to the states when it ruled that evidence obtained through an illegal search is not admissible (cannot be used) against the defendant.
What happened to the "special circumstances" criteria for obtaining an attorney after the decision in Gideon vs. Wainwright?
It no longer existed.
Based on the documentary about the history of Miranda, what did many police departments around the country do after the Supreme Court ruling in Miranda vs. Arizona?
Many police departments created cards with the Miranda warnings printed on them.