Life in Early
Europe
Europe
What are barbarians?
The Romans believed that all the people living beyond Roman borders were barbarians. This meant foreign, savage, and uncivilized.
A county was an administrative unit ruled by a count.
Who was the basileus?
The emperor of the Byzantine Empire, he held all of the power. He was considered to be at the top of the pyramid.
What is the sacred book of Islam?
The Quran.
Viziers were _____.
Viziers were ministers.
Each kingdom was ruled by a king, who had a _______ to help him govern.
Each kingdom was ruled by a king, who had a council to help him govern.
What is a march?
A march was a well-defended border region ruled by a marquess.
______ represented Byzantium in other territories.
Diplomats represented Byzantium in other territories.
Qadis were _____ of Islamic law.
Qadis were judges of Islamic law.
Walis were provincial ______.
Walis were provincial governors.
The Frankish kings were weak and gradually ceded power to officials known as _____ of the ____.
The Frankish kings were weak and gradually ceded power to officials known as mayors of the palace.
Also known as “the lord’s messengers”, ___ ____ were royal inspectors who controlled regional administration.
Also known as “the lord’s messengers”, Missi Dominici were royal inspectors who controlled regional administration.
What are icons?
Sacred art representing holy figures like Christ, the Virgin Mary, and saints, as well as significant biblical events
______ were princes of nobles, often from the caliph’s family. They were governors that also held military authority.
Emirs were princes of nobles, often from the caliph’s family. They were governors that also held military authority.
What was the role of the caliph?
The caliph had political and religious power, led the army, decided laws, and was the supreme judge. He governed viziers, qadis, walis, and emirs.
The highest religious authority in the Byzantine society pyramid structure is the _______ __ _______.
The highest religious authority in the Byzantine society pyramid structure is the Patriarch of Constantinople.