Friedrich Hegel
Who was Hegel a predecessor for?
Karl Marx
Is Marxism alive?
No- when it was majorly removed from USSR/Chinese principles it is no longer a largely practiced ideology.
What is the universal homogenous state?
A future global society where nationalism, ethnic, and social divides are erased and everyone is equal under a single order.
Two major challenges to liberalism?
Communism and fascism
What are Hegel's student called?
Hegelians
What country adapted Marist principles to the extreme?
Soviet Union
What marked the end of history for Kojeve?
The Battle of Jena, actualizing the principles of the French Revolution
What are the ideological challenges to liberalism?
Religion and nationalism
Hegel's ideal?
A literal-minded idealist: human social can be built around any arbitrary set of principles one puts into place.
What did Karl Marx think the end of history would be?
Communist Utopia
Why is it important to Kojeve to understand the underlying realm of consciousness?
Consciousness will ultimately remake the material world
What can shape economic behavior that is often over looked?
The whole person including consciousness and culture. They are separate concepts, but can greatly affect one another.
Hegel's view of the relationship between the ideal and the real or material word.
The philosophical ideal informs the material and what actually happens in the real world.
How did China's idea of communism differ from the USSR's version?
China was much more careful in talking about their leaders, though they both are authoritarian. State owned enterprises are 30-40% of China's economy.
How are economic behaviors formed?
Viewed through a materialistic lens and not through the role of culture and consciousness
How does a state form their beliefs?
States have adopted highly articulated doctrines with explicit agenda that legitimize expansion and their own desires.