Glands
What is the "master gland?"
The pituitary gland
What disease is characterized by too much sugar in the bloodstream?
Diabetes
What is the hormone secreted by the thyroid gland that controls the level of calcium being deposited in the bone?
Calcitonin
This hormone controls growth in muscle and bone
The growth hormone
What gland releases the Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone (PIH)?
Hypothalamus
What hormones does the pancreas secrete and what do they generally do?
This gland secretes insulin and glucagon, which control blood sugar
What is osteoporosis?
Lack of calcium in the bones
What is the name of the gland that connects the pituitary to the brain/central nervous system?
The hypothalamus
This hormone stimulates milk production
Prolactin
What hormone increases the release of FSH and LH and what gland is it released from?
Gonadptropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH); the hypothalamus
This gland secretes thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Hint: It's not the thyroid.
Pituitary
Symptoms are weight loss, possible goiter, anxiety, excessive perspiration, possible bulging eyes
Hyperthyroidism (Grave's Disease)
What actually controls the posterior pituitary?
The hypothalamus
These 2 hormones stimulate the ovary or testes
FSH and LH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone)
What two hormones are released from the posterior pituitary and what do they do?
Oxytocin - increases uterine contractions during labor and promotes the release of milk during breastfeeding. ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) - increases the retention (reabsorption) of water by the kidneys
Adrenal Medulla secretes...and prepares the body for...
epinephrine and norepinephrine, fight or flight
Starts with a lack of iodine. Hormones can't be produced properly to regulate metabolism. Leads to weight gain, sense of being too cold.
Hypothyroidism
Where is the location of the adrenal cortex and what does it release?
Above the kidneys. Cortisol and aldosterone.
This hormone stimulates the release of thyroxine from the gland in the neck
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
What 2 hormones are released by the adrenal cortex and what do they do?
Cortisol - "Stress hormone" - increases fat and protein metabolism in other tissues to save the glucose for the brain. Aldosterone - increases sodium and water retention by kidneys.
What gland helps regulates circadian rhythms, such as sleep-wake cycles, and seasonal cycles of fertility in many mammals? (controls melatonin)
The pineal gland
What is dwarfism?
Growth Hormone Deficiency
Adrenal medulla's hormones do what?
Increase functions of the sympathetic nervous system.
This hormone increases the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex
Andrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Calcium is regulated by which 2 hormones and where are they secreted from?
Calcitonin - released from the thyroid. PTH (Parathyroid Hormone) - released from the parathyroid glands