Leaders
King of England during the war, ruled without and antagonized Parliament, attempted to arrest his opponents, fled to the north, beheaded for treason after the war.
The two Protestants sects of the Royalists and the Roundheads. The king tried to enforce the Book of Common Prayer, causing more division in the government and some Parliamentarians to believe he was too close to Catholicism.
Who are the Anglicans and the Puritans?
The first battle of the war after the king fled for the north. Royalists charged to take over London, the Roundhead cavalry fled but returned after the Royalists left. The remaining troops fought to a standstill.
What is the Battle of Edgehill?
This government, set up and controlled by Oliver Cromwell and then his son, began after the defeat of Charles I and continued until the Restoration.
What is the Puritan Commonwealth?
The parliamentarian army controlled this part of England with rich lands, ports, and London.
What is southern England?
King of England during the Restoration, fled to Europe after the death of his father, welcomed back into England after the fall of the Commonwealth, called the Merry Monarch.
Who is Charles II?
The king had a lack of this due to his and his father's extravagant lifestyle resulting in the summoning and dissolution of Parliament and illegal taxation of the English citizens.
What is money?
The Earl of Essex led a retreat of the Parliamentarian army to London to replenish supply lines and was blocked by Charles I's army at this battle. After neither side made progress, the Royalist army retreated overnight, leaving the path to London open for the Roundheads.
What is the Battle of Newbury?
This monarch was tried on executed on the charge of treason and is the only monarch to be executed in English history.
Who is Charles I?
The Royalist army controlled this part of England with mountainous terrain and scattered towns.
What is northern England?
Nephew to the king, leader of the Royalist army until he surrendered to the Roundheads, advised towards peace, stripped of his power, and exiled in Holland after the war.
Who is Prince Rupert?
Charles I's belief that he was sent by God to rule and only God could depose him, disenfranchising the role of Parliament in the government.
At this battle, York was under siege by Roundheads and Prince Rupert was sent to relieve and backup the resisting forces. Cromwell's Ironsides and Scottish soldiers attacked the Royalist reinforcements from the rear. The capture of York handed York and the north to the Parliamentarian army.
What is the Battle of Marston Moor?
This monarch was exiled to mainland Europe after the execution of his father. He returned for the Restoration and was known as the "Merry Monarch".
Who is Charles II?
The English Civil War is part of what war between England, Scotland, and Ireland.
Leading opposition towards the king, leader of the recalled Parliament, sought negotiations and peace with the Royalists, secured military support of the Scots.
Who is John Pym?
Rebellions over religion in these countries drained the treasury of England.
What is Scotland and Ireland?
This battle was the first appearance of Cromwell's New Model Army. Initial charge by the Royalists was successful but the retreated to find more supplies, opening opportunities for the Roundhead cavalry to win.
What is the Battle of Naseby?
The rise of these began after the Restoration of Charles II to the throne. Instead of rigid beliefs in the role of the government and religion, these represent leanings.
What are political parties?
The English Civil War is also known as this.
What is the Great Rebellion?
Led the Parliament's Ironsides, put down resistance in Ireland, declared himself Lord Protector of the British Isles, led the Puritan Commonwealth.
Who is Oliver Cromwell?
This document was sent to the king and ignored. It had a list of demands and grievances against the king. It tried to prevent taxation without the consent of Parliament and housing of troops in citizens homes in peacetime.
What is the Petition of Right?
The last battle of the war. Charles II led a mostly Scottish army in his father's name after Charles I was tried for treason. The people of England saw this as an invading force and Charles II was not able to gather the expected support. Cromwell's army easily crushed the Scots and ended the war.
What is the Battle of Worcester?
There was no official one of these at the end of the English Civil War.
What is a treaty?
This many people died in the English Civil War.
What is 200,000?