Vocab
This is a time period in the 18th century during which many Europeans began to break away from the tradition and rethink political and social norms.
The Enlightenment
Government in which the monarchs, or government, exercised absolute and total control.
Unlimited Government
Natural Rights
John Locke
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the Leviathan
Hobbes
An agreement between the people and their government.
Social Contract
A system in which power is restricted by the people.
Limited Governement
Women's Rights
Mary Wollstonecraft
What is the difference in the Declaration of Independence of the Natural Rights Locke pushed for and what Jefferson would write?
Locke: life, liberty, and property
Jefferson: life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
What are people questioning during the Enlightenment?
Government, church, old beliefs
The authority to govern a state without interference from outside governments.// Supreme authority.
Sovereignty
Division of power among the branches of government.
Separations of powers
Said people need a strong government (absolute monarchy)
Hobbes
What is the Bill of Rights?
Who said “To become truly great, one has to stand with people, not above them.”
Montesquieu
Rights that cannot be taken away.
Unalienable Rights
Form of government where the government does not regulate business.// "hands off government"
Laissez Faire
Montesquieu
What is the 1st amendment?
Freedom of speech, which includes freedom of religion.
If a government is not protecting their people's natural rights, or breaks their social contract, what can the people do?
Rebel against the government and make a new one.
This document established the idea of limited government.
Magna Carta
A form of government in which written laws limit the powers of the monarch.// A political system in which a monarch rules according to a constitution.
Constitutional Monarchy
**This one include two questions and answers
1) Believed in a social contract
2) Believed in freedom of speech, religion, & separation of church and state
1) Rousseau
2) Voltaire
What are the 3 branches of our government AND what do they represent?
Executive: president
Legislative: congress
Judicial: court system/judges
Name an Enlightenment idea in the excerpt, which Enlightenment thinker it is, and why that is an Enlightenment idea?
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.-That to secure these rights Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,-That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness…”
Answers will vary.