Scientific Revolution
What was the main focus of the Scientific Revolution?
The main focus was the development of new scientific ideas and methods, emphasizing observation and experimentation.
What is the Enlightenment often referred to as?
The Age of Reason
Who believed in a social contract where people gave up freedoms for an orderly society, favoring an absolute monarchy.
Thomas Hobbes
These private gatherings, hosted by women, provided a space for intellectual debate, political discussions, and artistic appreciation.
Salons
This 28-volume work compiled knowledge about science, technology, and history but was banned by the Church.
The Encyclopédie
Who developed the law of universal gravitation?
Isaac Newton
What concept did John Locke introduce regarding government?
The idea of natural rights, including life, liberty, and property.
Who advocated for the separation of powers in government?
Montesquieu
Who advocated for women's education during the Enlightenment?
Mary Wollstonecraft
This method of economic thought, supported by Adam Smith, means “hands off the economy.”
Laissez-Faire
What method did Francis Bacon promote for scientific questions?
The scientific method
This concept suggests that a universal moral law governs human behavior and society.
Natural law
This person was an economist who promoted laissez-faire economics.
Adam Smith
This mathematician and physicist translated and expanded on Newton's work.
Émilie du Châtelet
Which American Founding Father was influenced by John Locke while writing the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What invention did Galileo use to support his discoveries?
The telescope
Who wrote "The Social Contract"?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Which enlightenment thinker SPECIFICALLY defended freedom of speech and religion?
Voltaire
This woman was patron of the arts and an influential figure in French salons, often supporting Enlightenment thinkers like Voltaire.
Madame de Pompadour
Coffee houses and book clubs were popular places for intellectual discussions in these THREE European countries.
France, Britain, and Germany