Main Ideas
The __________ was an intellectual movement based on the spread of ideas and reason during the 17th & 18 century.
Enlightenment
____________ believed people were naturally cruel & selfish, making it impossible to govern them without a social contract with an Absolute Monarch.
Thomas Hobbs
Which philosopher heavily influenced America's Founding Fathers, including Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson?
John Locke
____________ published the pamphlet Common Sense and distributed it throughout the colonies helping the movement for American independence.
Thomas Paine
Enlightenment thinkers applied the scientific method to all aspects of life.
True
________ were people who used rational thinking to understand the theories of the world, often creating new points of view.
Philosophers
___________ showed his passion for free speech by often criticizing the French government which led to his imprisonment and exile.
Voltaire
Who is known for writing the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What was the first constitution of the United States?
the Articles of Confederation
Helping solve problems of humankind such as Gravity & Magnetism are examples of using Natural Law.
True
___________'s ideas on government such as the separation of powers also influenced the founding fathers to create a government with checks and balances.
Montesquieu
____________ was a philosopher who, from 1745 to 1772, served as chief editor of the Encyclopédie, one of the principal works of the Age of Enlightenment.
Diderot
The British controlled ___ colonies along the eastern coast of North America.
13
The ____________ led to the creation of the 3rd amendment of the Bill of Rights which focused on the housing of British troops.
quartering act
Thomas Hobbs believed in Natural Rights.
False
____________'s belief in the natural rights of life, liberty, and property influenced the founding fathers when creating the government used in the United States of America.
John Locke
_________ wrote The Social Contract and often argued against the divine right of kings.
Rousseau
The British had major debts from fighting in the ___________ which led them to tax the colonies.
French & Indian War
The first battles of the Revolutionary War were the battles at ____________ and ____________.
Lexington and Concord
The Enlightenment began in the British colonies and quickly spread to Europe.
False
The explosion of new thinking during the Enlightenment often led to ___________, or the restriction of ideas and information that did not align with the church or monarchy.
censorship
Which monarch embraced some Enlightenment ideas such as reducing torture, having a free press, and allowing religious tolerance?
Fredrick the Great
The ______________ was the first of many taxes put on the colonists which added a tax to newspapers and legal documents.
stamp act
What was the phrase used by colonists who disliked Parliament's decision to tax the 13 British colonies?
No Taxation without Representation
The Enlightenment shared overlapping ideas with the Scientific Revolution.
True