External Structure/Function
They protect the eye.
What are the eyebrows, eyelids and eyelashes?
This is nearsightedness, an inability to accommodate for objects at a distance.
What is myopia?
Two structures: the colorful part of eye, and the structure that constricts and dilates.
What are the iris and pupil?
Is an area of opacity within the lens, one of the leading causes of vision loss, most common surgical procedure Canadians older than 65 years.
What is a cataract?
This is used to assess visual acuity.
What is the Snellen eye chart?
It's white and forms a tough shell that protects the eye.
What is the sclera?
This is farsightedness, an inability to accommodate for near objects.
What is hyperopia?
It is a biconvex structure, bends light rays, assist when eye refocus from far to near objects.
What is the lens?
This is not one disease, but a group of disorders, characterized by an Increased Ocular Pressure (IOP), consequences of this elevated pressure, optic nerve atrophy and peripheral visual field loss.
What is glaucoma?
Pupils, equal, round, reactive, light, accommodation.
What is assessing pupil function?
It covers inner eyelids, extends over sclera, secretes mucus and tears.
What is the conjunctiva?
This is the loss of accommodation associated with age, an inability to focus on near objects, a need to hold reading material farther away.
What is presbyopia?
It lies behind peripheral part of iris, secretes transparent fluid that nourishes eye and keeps it inflated.
What is the ciliary body?
Most common type of glaucoma, the outflow of aqueous humor is decreased, drainage channels become clogged, and damage to the optic nerve can result.
What is primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)?
A person's ability to read numbers or letters on an eye chart at a standard distance.
What is 20/20 vision?
It bends incoming light rays to help focus them on the retina.
What is the cornea?
This is caused by an irregular corneal curvature, the irregularity causes the incoming light rays to be bent unequally.
What is astigmatism?
It is a vascular structure that nourishes the ciliary body, iris and outer part of the retina.
What is the choroid?
This is due to a reduction in the outflow of aqueous humor, which is caused by the lens's bulging forward as a result of aging.
What is primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG)?
Clinical manifestations of this are, decrease in vision, abnormal colour perception, glare (often worse at night).
What are cataracts?
These structures provide secretions to make up mucous, aqueous, and lipid layers of the tear.
What is the lacrimal system?
This is the absence of the lens, therefore images are projected behind the retina.
What is aphakia?
The innermost layer of the eye that connects to the optic nerve, made up of mostly of neurons, converts images into a form that the brain can understand and process as vision.
What is the retina?
This is an eye disease that begins after age 60 that progressively destroys the central portion of the retina, causing irreversible central vision loss, it is the leading cause of blindness and vision loss in Canada.
What is age-related macular degeneration (AMD)?
Clinical manifestations of this are blurred and darkened vision, blind spots in the visual field, distortion of vision.
What is age related macular degeneration AMD?