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The distance between two peaks or two troughs of a wave called?
Wavelength
What does wavelength determines?
Hue
Cornea
a thin tissue that protects the eye and bends light to provide focus.
Pupil
a small opening controlled by the iris.
Iris
a colored muscle that constricts or dilates based on light intensity.
Lens
Lens is found behind the pupil.It focuses incoming light onto the retina as an upside-down image and changes the shape of light
Retina
a multilayer tissue that contains ganglion cells, bipolar cells, rods, and cones.
Rods
one of the two photoreceptors necessary to convert light into impulses.
Cones
the other photoreceptors, but they function well in daylight, detect color (RBG), and detect fine detail.
Where are rods located?
Rods are located throughout the whole retina.
Where are cones located?
Cones are usually located closer to the fovea.
Fovea
the central focal point
Psychophysics
studies the links between physical stimuli in the world and the psychological experience of those stimuli.
Bottom- up Processing (sensation)
The analysis of the stimulus begins with the sense receptors and works up to the level of the brain and mind.
Top- down Processing (perception)
Information processing guided by higher- level mental processes as we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations.
Absolute thresholds
Minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time.
Subliminal threshold
When stimuli are below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness.
Difference threshold
Minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time, also called JUST Noticeable Difference (JND).
Trichromatic Theory
The first step of color processing.
Opponent- process Theory
The second stage of color processing.
Color blindness
The result of a lack of functioning photoreceptors for color.
Monochromat
Examples are black/ white/ gray.
Dichromat
Examples are red/ green and yellow/ blue
Trichromat
All colors in visual spectrum.
How does color blindness affect a person's vision?
People who are color- blind cannot distinguish excitatory and inhibitory.