Psychiatric Cinema
In select scenes, such as the car chase scene, A Beautiful Mind borrows heavily from this classic genre of film.
This term is used to describe many “dancing” or movement disorders
What are choreas?
These are all the necessary components of a reflex.
What are sensory input, internal processing, and measured response?
Lesions to the right primary motor cortex would result in difficulty moving this side of the body.
These are the two forms of long-term memory.
What are declarative and nondeclarative memory?
In Fearless, these compositional elements were used to recreate the impression of being on an airplane and were often seen before or during one of Max's episodes.
What are narrow hallways/corridors and light and sound cues to match those of an airplane?
This researcher focused on the coordinated activities of different muscle groups in complex movements.
Who is Duchenne?
In regards to the number of synapses, the stretch reflex is this type of reflex, while the withdrawal reflex is this type of reflex.
What is mono and polysynaptic?
Damage to the Basal Ganglia resulting in tremors at rest is characteristic of this movement disorder.
Amnesiacs H.M. and E.P. BOTH had severe damage to this part of the brain
What is the hippocampus?
In Spider, the eponymous character is captivated by the gas works due to this reason.
What is having used gas to kill his mother?
This man’s accomplishments and contributions to science include the definition of proprioception, the coining of the term synapse, and introduced the concept of the motor neuron as the final point of integration.
Who is Charles Sherrington?
These are all the major cell types involved with the stretch reflex.
What are alpha MNs, gamma MNs, 1a afferent neurons, muscle spindle cells, skeletal muscle cells?
Lesions to this area of the brain by Flourens resulted in “drunk” pigeons.
These classes of medications are used to treat various mental illness by increasing the amount of neurotransmitter within the synapse.
What are reuptake inhibitors and various neurotransmitter-ase digestive enzyme inhibitors?
The use of extreme close up shots of limbs, and shot framing where only part of Max could be scene were used in Fearless to represent this.
What is Max’s fragmented or disjointed nature following the crash?
This experiment disproved Sherrington’s assertion that complex movements were conducted primarily via reflexes.
What is deafferentation of decerebrate or spinalized cats?
Catching a ball that turns out to be heavier than initially anticipated involves movement reprogramming by these two factors.
What is the feedback control of the cerebellum and the stretch reflex?
Cutting of these fibers near this location would result in a cupping motion instead of fine finger movements for grasping.
What is the corticospinal tract (CST) fibers near the medulla (where the fibers decussate)?
This process is described as classical conditioning.
What is the pairing of a US to a CS which at first triggers a UR, but over time, leads to the CS eventually producing a CR without the US?
Cronenberg used this element in Spider's memory scenes to illustrate the difference between Spider's real and delusional memories.
What is the inclusion or not of the young Spider with the lack of the child in the scene indicating a delusional memory?
This is a complete description of the Half-Center Model.
What is continuous cerebral inputs coming into contact with the CPG, which is comprised of two excitatory interneurons that synapse directly onto the motor neurons for two competing muscle groups. (i.e. flexors/extensors). They also synapse onto an inhibitory interneuron that is able to inhibit the competitive excitatory interneuron and itself. The result of this produces rhythmic firing of the motor neurons and rhythmic contractions of the related muscle groups?
This is the purpose of the interneurons in the withdrawal reflex.
What is to allow the CNS to regulate and if necessary overpower and effectively ignore the withdrawal reflex?
Lesions (or other damage) to this area of the spine would result in the loss of the sense of proprioception.
What is the Dorsal Root Ganglia?
These are the symptoms of schizophrenia categorized into the two symptom classes.
What are positive symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders and negative symptoms such as depression and social withdrawal?