Transferring Thermal Energy
"_____________________" is the total energy of moving particles in a substance.
Thermal energy.
What type of energy is stored in food?
Chemical energy.
What is the center of an atom called?
Nucleus
Which law states that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force?
Newton's First Law
In a transverse wave, particles move in what direction compared to the wave's motion?
Perpendicular to the wave's motion.
In a longitudinal wave, particles move in what direction compared to the wave's motion?
Parallel to the wave's motion
What type of wave is light?
Electromagnetic wave
What type of heat transfer occurs when touching a hot pan?
Conduction.
A wind turbine converts wind energy into what form of energy?
Electrical energy.
Which particle has a positive charge?
Proton
What is another name for Newton's First Law?
The Law of Inertia
What is the highest point of a transverse wave called?
Crest
What is a region where particles are crowded together called?
Compression
What type of wave is ultraviolet light?
Electromagnetic wave
Heat from the Sun reaches Earth by what method?
Radiation
In a flashlight, chemical energy in the battery is converted into what two forms of energy?
Light energy and thermal energy.
Which particle has no charge?
Neutron
According to Newton's Second Law, what equation relates force, mass, and acceleration?
F=ma
What is the lowest point of a transverse wave called?
Trough
What is a region where particles are spread apart called?
Rarefaction
What happens when light bounces off a surface?
Reflection
Why does warm air rise?
Warm air is less dense than cooler air.
Describe the energy transformation that occurs in a roller coaster going down a hill.
Gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy.
Which particle moves around the nucleus?
Electron
If you double the force on an object while keeping mass the same, what happens to acceleration?
It doubles
What is the distance from one crest to the next crest?
Wavelength
What common type of wave is longitudinal?
Sound wave
What happens when light bends as it enters a new medium?
Refraction
Name the three methods of thermal energy transfer.
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
A natural gas power plant burns fuel to make electricity. List the energy transformations.
Chemical → Thermal → Mechanical → Electrical
What determines the identify of an element?
The number of protons.
Which law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction?
Newton's Third Law
If the frequency of a wave increases, will the wavelength increase or decrease?
It will decrease.
Why can't sound travel through outer space?
There are no particles to transmit the vibrations.
Describe three things that can happen when light strikes an object.
Reflection (bounces off), refraction (absorbed), and transmission (light passes through)