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A large estate run by an owner or overseer and worked by laborers who lived there
Plantation
Group of states or territories governed by one ruler
Empire
To travel all the way around the Earth
Circumnavigate
An outbreak of disease that spreads quickly and affects a large number of people
Epidemic
The business revolution that occurred in Europe after the Middle Ages
Commercial Revolution
Global exchange of people, plants, animals, ideas, and technology that began in the late 1400’s
Columbian Exchange
A situation in which a nation imports more than it exports
Trade Deficit
Economy based on the raising and selling of one crop or a small number of crops
Cash Crop Economy
Economic policy by which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build its national wealth
Mercantilism
Native to a country or region
Indigenous
Name, meaning “conqueror,” for certain explorers of the 1500’s and 1600’s
Conquistador
Person dedicated to spreading a religion
Missionary
People born in the Americas whose parents were of African and European descent
Mulattos
Instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the position of the stars
Astrolabe
The voyage from Africa to the Americas on slave ships
Middle Passage
Economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit
Capitalism
A Mapmaker
Cartographer
Members of the highest class in the Americas, born in Europe (Spain)
Peninsulares
Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another region
Imperialism
Which country has the most active volcanoes?
Indonesia
System created by the Spanish government in the Americas allowing colonists to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans
Encomienda
Private trading company in which shares are sold to investors to finance business ventures
Joint Stock Company
People who were born in the Americas but whose parents were both Spanish settlers
Creoles
People born in the Americas whose parents were of Native American and European descent
Mestizos
What word was named the 2024 Oxford Word of the Year, most often used by Gen Z and Gen Alpha?
Brain rot