Arches
How many total arches are there?
3 total arches in the foot.
What fracture is described as pain to the great big toe?
Sesamoiditis
What does the Navicular do?
Supports the medial longitudinal arch
What is the anatomy of the lower leg?
two bones: tibia and fibula
What are the motions?
- Planta flexion
- Dorsi-flexion
- Inversion
- Eversion
What are the names of the types of arches in the foot?
Medial Longitudinal, Lateral Longitudinal, and the Transverse Metarsal Arch.
What fractures mechanism is force or trauma to the great toe that causes a fracture?
Great Toe fractures
Why is the size of the calcaneus tubercle important?
It provides a powerful lever for increasing muscular force produced by the gastrocnemius and soleus.
What are the ligaments of the lower leg?
- Superior tibiofibular ligament
- Inferior tibiofibular ligament
What are the lateral ligaments?
- Anterior talofibular ligament
- Cancaneofibular ligament
- Posterior talofibular ligament
Which is the most prominent arch?:
-Lateral Longitudinal Arch
-Medial Longitudinal Arch
-Transverse Metarsal Arch
Medial Longitudinal Arch is the most prominent.
What is a Potts and Jones fracture?
Potts:Fracture to the fibula
Jones: Fracture to the 5th metarsal
In how many places does the talus articulate?
5 places.
What are the injuries of the lower leg?
- Anterior compartment syndrome
- Shin splints
- Achilles tendon injuries
- Stress fractures
- Open and closed fractures
What are the medial ligaments?
Deltoid ligament
What do the arches of the foot do?
-Increases the flexibility of the foot
-Serves as a shock absorber to dissipate forces
What is subungual Hematomas characterized as?
Repeated blow to the end of the nail
Why must the foot be rigid but flexible?
In order to adapt to even terrain.
What is the anterior compartment syndrome?
- Result from a lack of space in the anterior compartment where increased swelling make it push inward
- Mechanism is trauma to the area or chronic development of the muscle in the compartment
What are the types of lateral ankle sprains?
Mild (1st) , moderate (2nd) , and severe (3rd)
What are the types of arch conditions and what do they mean?
- Pes Panus: Flat footed
- Pes Cavis: High arches
What is characterized as a sprain, strain, or bruise to the metatarsalphalangheal joint?
Turf Toe
How many times a weight should the foot be able to absorb?
7X
what is ORIF?
Open reduction internal fixation
What special tests are done for the ankle?
Taylor tilt, anterior drawer, and the eversion test