Church Reform and the Crusades
Changes in Medieval Society
England & France
Hundred Years' War & The Plague
Miscellaneous
100
This period of renewed religious energy in the Church is known as _________________.
What is the Age of Faith?
100
Under the ________________, farmers could grow more crops on their land each year and food production increased, people had more to eat, could better resist disease and live longer.
What is The three-field system?
100
This Anglo-Saxon king successfully defended England against the Vikings.
Who is Alfred the Great
100
Which English weapon revolutionized warfare and helped win battles like Crécy, Poitiers, and Agincourt?
What is the Longbow?
100
This was the split in the Church, with multiple popes claiming authority.
What is The Great (Western) Schism
200
The Church began reforming itself by enforcing laws against this practice of selling church positions.
What is simony?
200
This was an organization of people in the same trade or craft.
What was a guild?
200
What French Duke invaded England in 1066 and won the Battle of Hastings?
Who was William the Conqueror
200
Which group was often wrongly blamed for causing the plague across Europe?
Who are The Jews
200
This legal tradition in England gave citizens rights like trial by jury
What is Common law
300
One negative effect of the Crusades was increased persecution of this religious group in Europe.
Who were the Jews?
300
This was the expansion of trade and business in medieval Europe.
What was the Commercial Revolution?
300
This document, signed in 1215, called the __________ limited this king's power and guaranteed certain rights?
What is the Magna Carta and King John?
300
This pope tried to enforce papal authority over this king of of France in 1300?
Who is Pope Boniface VIII and King Phillip IV
300
This group raided Britain in the 800s, prompting prayers for deliverance
Who are...The Vikings, The Northmen, The Danes
400
This term refers to the long Christian effort to drive Muslims (Moors) out of Spain.
What is the Reconquista?
400
What new social class emerged in towns, challenging feudal order?
What is The burghers (merchant class)
400
This king became the first ruler of the _____________ dynasty in 987?
Who is Hugh Capet and the Capetian Dynasty?
400
This English scholar challenged Church authority, saying the Bible—not the pope—was the final authority.
Who is John Wycliffe?
400
This institution emerged as a new center of learning in Europe
What is The university
500
___________ called for the First Crusade after receiving a request for military assistance from Byzantine emperor Alexius Comnenus?
Who is Pope Urban II?
500
What term refers to scholars who debated issues using logic and reason AND which one of these 13th-century thinkers used Aristotle’s logic to support Christian belief?
What are Scholastics and Thomas Aquinas?
500
What were the three estates in Philip IV’s Estates-General?
What are...
The First Estate: clergy
Second Estate: nobles
Third Estate: commoners
500
Name two major social or economic effects of the plague.
town populations fell
trade declined
serfs left manors
peasant revolts
Church lost prestige
500
This Muslim leader recaptured Jerusalem in 1187 and later made peace with Richard the Lion-Hearted.
Who was Saladhin the Great?