Causes and Key Battles
Both Great Britain and France claimed this contested region between the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, sparking the French and Indian War
What is the Ohio River Valley?
Most Native American tribes allied with the French during the war because British settlers were far more aggressive in doing this
What is taking (or seizing) Native American lands?
Signed in 1763, this peace treaty officially ended the Seven Years' War and eliminated France as a power in North America
What is the Treaty of Paris?
For over a century prior to 1763, the British government had allowed the thirteen American colonies to do this
What is govern themselves (and pass their own laws/taxes)?
The unjust use of government power
What is tyranny?
In 1754, the French built this fort at the intersection of three rivers where Pittsburgh stands today
What is Fort Duquesne?
Unlike most Native American groups, this powerful political confederacy allied with the English during the French and Indian War
What is the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy?
Under the 1763 peace arrangements, this European nation acquired French territorial claims west of the Mississippi River
What is Spain?
Prime Minister George Grenville felt taxing the colonies was fair because British leaders believed the war had been fought for this reason
What is the colonists' benefit and protection?
A small army made up of everyday citizens to protect their community
What is a militia?
This 22-year-old volunteer militia officer led Virginia troops into the Ohio Valley in 1754 and ordered the opening shots of the war
Who is George Washington?
Benjamin Franklin drew the "Join, or Die" severed snake political cartoon to promote this unified colonial plan
What is the Albany Plan of Union?
By the end of the Seven Years' War, interest payments on Great Britain's massive war debt consumed this portion of the royal budget
What is over half of the budget?
Enacted in 1765, this law required colonists to buy a stamp for paper products including newspapers, wills, licenses, and playing cards
What is the Stamp Act?
The French and Indian War creates a domino effect that leads to this major consequence
What is the American Revolution?
General Edward Braddock's 1755 march into the Ohio Valley ended in disaster when his force was ambushed, resulting in this fraction of British soldiers being killed
What is two-thirds?
Following the war, this Odawa leader launched an attack on Fort Detroit in May 1763 to resist British encroachment and General Amherst's harsh policies
Who is Pontiac?
King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763, drawing a boundary line along these mountains that forbade colonial settlement to the west
What are the Appalachian Mountains?
To protest British import duties without colonial representation, colonists organized this form of economic refusal
What is a boycott?
The financial reason Parliament had for imposing taxes
British troops won this 1759 battle after a three-month siege, serving as the decisive turning point that forced the French out of Canada
What is the Battle of Quebec?
Native Americans were excluded from the 1763 peace negotiations and experienced this outcome as more of their lands were taken
What is being displaced and pushed farther west?
British Parliament issued the Proclamation of 1763 to avoid frontier conflicts with Native Americans and to keep trade markets profitable in this area
What is the east coast?
Passed in 1765, this law required colonial assemblies to furnish British soldiers with housing, candles, bedding, and cider
What is the Quartering Act?
Fort Duquesne was important for these two reasons other than being at the intersection of 3 rivers
What are trade and defense?