French Revolution 1
What was the First Estate made up of?
The clergy
Who were the sans-culottes?
Radical working-class revolutionaries who pushed for greater social and economic equality.
What event marked the end of Louis XVI's reign?
His execution by guillotine in 1793.
What was the Estates-General?
An assembly of representatives from the three estates (clergy, nobility, and commoners).
True/False: The Napoleonic Code influenced legal systems worldwide.
TRUE
This intellectual movement inspired the French Revolution by encouraging Europeans to question traditional authority and consider ideas like equality, liberty, and progress.
What is the Enlightenment?
This weak government replaced the Reign of Terror but struggled with instability and corruption, paving the way for Napoleon’s rise.
What is the Directory?
This radical phase of the French Revolution, led by Robespierre, resulted in thousands of executions to maintain revolutionary stability.
What is the Reign of Terror?
This document, adopted during the French Revolution, proclaimed the rights to liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
He rose to power in France following the Coup of 18 Brumaire in 1799, eventually declaring himself Emperor.
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?
What was the role of the Committee of Public Safety?
To protect the French Revolution from internal and external enemies, often through extreme measures.
What is the significance of the storming of the Bastille?
It symbolized the end of tyranny and the start of the French Revolution.
What revolutionary device became a symbol of the Reign of Terror?
The guillotine.
Which revolutionary leader was eventually executed during the Reign of Terror?
Maximilien Robespierre.
What term refers to the vote of the people used by Napoleon to legitimize his power?
A plebiscite.
What financial crisis helped spark the French Revolution?
France's massive debt from wars (like the American Revolution) and extravagant royal spending.
What role did the Jacobins play in the Revolution?
They were a radical political group that pushed for the abolition of the monarchy and led the Reign of Terror.
Who wrote The Social Contract, influencing revolutionary ideals?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
What uprising led to the overthrow of Robespierre?
The Thermidorian Reaction.
What territory did Napoleon sell to the United States in 1803?
The Louisiana Territory.
How did the French Revolution inspire other countries?
It inspired revolutions and uprisings worldwide, including in Haiti, Latin America, and Europe.
What was the significance of the Women's March on Versailles?
It forced King Louis XVI and his family to move from Versailles to Paris, increasing revolutionary control.
Why did the Directory fail as a government?
It was corrupt, weak, and failed to address economic and social issues.
How did the Revolution change France's relationship with the Catholic Church?
The Church's power was reduced, and its lands were confiscated; France adopted secularism.
What was the main outcome of the Congress of Vienna after Napoleon's defeat?
It restored monarchies and created a balance of power to prevent future revolutions.