The French revolution
Who were Richelieu and Mazarin and during what time did they rule France?
Cardinals who built the foundations of absolutism and ruled France as regents during first half of 1600s
How did the King react to the Legislative assembly?
He tried to flee away from France with his family, but he was returned to Paris
What was Napoleon's full name?
Napoleon Bonaparte
Until which battle was Great Britain under threat of invasion?
Battle of Trafalgar
When was the official act signed?
1815
What is the Estates-General and why did they meet?
It is the assembly representing all 3 estates and they met to deal with the financial crisis
What did the Directory depend on?
The Directory depended upon the power of the army. The army kept order in the country and the spoils of the war helped keep finances above water.
Who crowned Napoleon?
He crowned himself.
The name of the union of German states and Kingdom created by Napoleon.
Confederation of the Rhine
One of the leading powers was Austria led by Klements von Metternich who was the most influential person in the Congress of Vienna. What other countries were present?
Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, France
What did the third estate demand?
They demanded that all 3 estates would join into one body and this body would write a new constitution
There were two rival groups at the Convention. Name them and shortly describe their relationship
Jacobins and Girondins.
The struggle for power led to a conflict. Both groups supported the war against hostile monarchies, but Girondins were blamed for the inability to win and secure stability and prosperity at home
Napoleon signed two peace treaties. One with Austria and one with Great Britain. What were they called?
Treaty of Luneville and Treaty of Amiens
What was the final battle of Napoleon's army by which countries were defeated and who led them?
Battle of Waterloo
the British and Prussian armies led by the Duke of Wellington
What was the Holly Alliance and the Concert of Europe?
Austria, Russia and Prussia signed a proclamation that they would preserve the values of monarchies and Christianity.
Congresses that dealt with revolutions, a system of international political relationships.
What was revoked by Louis, which granted religious and political freedom to the protesting minority?
Edict of Nantes
How did the monarchy end and what new assembly was elected?
After the Battle of Valmy, King Louis XVI was arrested and imprisoned and the period of Constitutional monarchy ended.
National Convention, which declared France a republic
How did Napoleon improve the French economy?
Set up an efficient tax collection, established a bank, stabilized the currency - stopped inflation.
Who created The continental system and what was it for?
The Berlin and Milan Decrees
Napoleon believed that the continental system would weaken Great Britain by cutting off its trade from European markets.
What is the Congress of Vienna and what did it grant?
A series of meetings to secure peace and stability in Europe after the Napoleonic wars.
Granted:
balance of power (equilibrium of political and military forces)
legitimacy (restoration of traditional monarchies)
How many troops did the King send in secret to stop the meeting of the Estates-General?
18 000
During the Period of Constitutional Monarchy in France, Nation Assembly issued three important documents that brought lots of changes. Name them and shortly describe them.
Decrees of August 4 - the decrees that canceled the feudal system
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen - granted to all citizens basic civil and political rights
Constitution - established constitutional monarchy in France)
What was the collection of laws that Napoleon put together called?
Code Napoleon
Code Civil
Why didn’t the Battle of Borodino end in a clear victory for Napoleon?
Most of his army died on the way back because of starvation and winter conditions.
What were 5 outcomes of the Congress in Vienna?
Switzerland was declared to be independent.
Norway was connected to Sweden.
Austria got Lombardy and Venice.
German Confederation (union of 35 states)
The Kingdom of Sardinia was restored.
Safety barrier of neutral states was formed in case of French invasion.
Dutchy of Warsaw was put under control of Russia.