The Fungi Kingdom
What are the three main groups of fungi?
Yeasts, Moulds, and Mushrooms
What are the four groups of protozoa?
Flagellates, Ciliates, Rhizopods, Sporozoa
What are the three groups of algae?
Green algae, Red algae, and Brown algae
What does the Monera Kingdom include?
The Monera Kingdom includes all bacteria.
What is the role of fungi on Earth? Give 3 reasons.
BONUS 200: Give 6 reasons.
Biodegraders, lichens, absorb nitrogen, fine cuisine, edible products, and antibiotics
What is the cellular organization of yeast and how does yeast reproduce?
BONUS 200: What are the uses of yeast? Give two examples of something that contains yeast.
The cellular organization of yeast is: unicellular. Yeast reproduction is asexually by budding.
BONUS: The use of yeast is in the fermentation process in the food industry, for example, in making bread and beer.
How do Flagellates move? Describe what it looks like.
BONUS 200: What environment do Flagellates live in and what do Flagellates form?
Flagellates move by one or more flagella, which looks like a tail.
BONUS: Flagellates live in aquatic environments forming plankton and trypanosomes.
Why is Green Algae green?
BONUS 200: What is the habitat of Green Algae? There are 3 possibilities.
Green algae is green mainly due to chlorophyll.
BONUS: Green algae mostly live on the surface of freshwater. Some live in shallow marine areas. Others live on wet surfaces like tree trunks, rocks and walls
What are the four types/groups of bacteria?
BONUS 200: Describe their shape.
Coccus (sphere), Bacilli (rod-shaped), Vibrio (curved-shaped) and Spirillum (spiral-shaped)
What is the importance of protozoa in water and on land?
Zooplankton float in saltwater and freshwater, they serve as food for small fish. On land, they play an important role in soil fertility.
What is the cellular organization of moulds and how do moulds reproduce?
BONUS 200: What are the uses of moulds? Give two examples of something that contains moulds.
The cellular organization of moulds is: multicellular. Moulds reproduce by spores.
BONUS: The uses of moulds are making cheese, fertilizing gardens, and decaying garbage.
How do Ciliates move? Describe what they look like.
BONUS 200: What environment do Ciliates live in?
Ciliates move by cilia, which look like small hairs.
BONUS: Most ciliates live in aquatic environments forming plankton and trypanosomes.
Why is Brown Algae brown?
BONUS 200: What is the habitat of Brown Algae?
Brown algae is brown mainly due to yellow pigment which combined with chlorophyll, looks brown.
BONUS: Brown algae is attached to the ocean floor.
True or False: Most bacteria are heterotrophic.
BONUS 500: What are the three classifications of bacteria nutrition? Explain each.
True. Most bacteria are heterotrophic and obtain nutrients and energy from organic matter produced by other living things.
BONUS: Saprophytes (live on dead or decomposing material), Parasites (feed on nutrients provided by a host), and Symbiont (live in close association with another organism and both benefit).
Give two examples of beneficial activities produced by bacteria.
BONUS 200: Give 4 examples.
The photosynthesis bacteria, decomposing bacteria, intestinal flora, and production of foods.
What is the cellular organization of mushrooms and how do mushrooms reproduce?
BONUS 200: What are the names for the parts of the mushroom shape? There are 5.
The cellular organization of mushroom is: multicellular. Mushrooms reproduce by spores produced by the sporangia in the gills.
BONUS:
1. Volva
2. Stalk
3. Ring
4. Gills
5. Cap
How do Rhizopods move? Describe what they look like.
BONUS 200: What environment do Rhizopods live in?
Rhizopods move by pseudopods, which look like false feet or extensions of the cytoplasm.
BONUS: Most Rhizopods live in marine and freshwater environments; some live in the human body without causing harm. Others are parasites. Most are amoebas.
What is the habitat of Red Algae? There are 2 possibilities.
BONUS 200: Why is Red Algae red?
Most red algae are marine and live attached to the ocean floor in shallow depth. Some live at great depths.
BONUS: Red algae is red to hide the chlorophyll.
If conditions are unfavorable, some bacteria can form what? HINT: Think of reproduction...
If conditions are unfavorable, some bacteria can form endospores.
Describe the importance of the Monera Kingdom and where it is located.
Bacteria are present in all mediums and carry out important functions in the biosphere. Many are beneficial for humans and other living things, but some are harmful.
Name the general characteristics of the Fungi Kingdom (Hint: there are 5 in total).
BONUS 500: Describe each general characteristics of the Fungi Kingdom.
1. Cellular Organization: Unicellular or Multicellular
2. Size and Shape: Round/Oval (unicellular) or various shapes (multicellular)
3. Nutrition: Heterotrophic. Many are saprophytes
4. Lifestyle: free-living or interacting by being symbionts or parasites.
5. Reproduction: Asexually (unicellular) and/or sexually (multicellular)
Name the general characteristics of the Protoctist Kingdom (Hint: there are 6 in total).
BONUS 500: Describe each general characteristics of the Protoctist Kingdom.
1. Cellular Organization: Unicellular
2. Size and Shape: various microscopic shapes
3. Nutrition: Heterotrophic.
4. Habitat & Lifestyle: Most are free-living and some are parasites.
5. Reproduction: Asexually by binary fission
6. Movement: Use flagella, cilia, or pseudopods
Name the general characteristics of Algae (Hint: there are 6 in total).
BONUS 500: Describe each general characteristics of algae.
1. Cellular Organization: Unicellular or multicellular
2. Size and Shape: Shapes vary (unicellular) or look like plant stems (multicellular)
3. Nutrition: Autotrophic
4. Habitat & Lifestyle: Unicellular are free-living and usually float, but larger algae is attached to the ocean and lake floors
5. Reproduction: Asexually by binary fission (unicellular) and asexually by fragmentation or spores (multicellular)
6. Movement: Most unicellular algae float. Others move by flagella. Large algae are sessile.
Name the general characteristics of the Monera Kingdom (Hint: there are 4 in total).
BONUS 500: Describe each general characteristics of the Monera Kingdom.
1. Cellular Organization: Unicellular
2. Size: Microscopic
3. Habitat: Earth
4. Lifestyle: Generally, bacteria live as independent cells, but sometimes they form colonies.
How can we prevent diseases caused by bacteria? Give 6 examples.
BONUS 200: Bacteria that cause diseases in humans and other living things are called, what?
(1) Personal hygiene, (2) Wash/Handle/Preserve food properly, (3) Keep your house clean, (4) Wash your hands often, (5) Brush your teeth regularly, and (6) Wash cuts and wounds.
BONUS: Bacteria that cause diseases in humans and other living things are called pathogens.