How the Fur Trade Started
John Cabot told the English about the great supply of ______ in the water off the coast of Newfoundland in 1497.
cod
For First Nations peoples, meetings for trade were ___________.
social events
Name one job First Nations men performed during the fur trade.
huting and trapping, transporting fur, go-between, guiding, sharing knowledge
French people were only allowed to trade for furs if they had a _________ from King Louis the 8th.
licence
Over time, First Nations people became __________ on the traded European goods. Many stopped hunting and fishing, and things like alcohol and guns proved to be destructive over time.
dependent
The First Nations traded ____________ for ___________ that the English fishermen brought from Europe.
animal fur for iron goods
For Europeans, meetings for trade were ___________.
business
Name one job of First Nations women during the fur trade.
cleaning and preparing fur, preparing and providing fur, sharing knowledge of medicine, making clothes, guiding and interpreting, building relationships
Young French men without licences to trade began to travel deep into the unmapped parts of Canada and were known as ________________, or 'runners of the woods'.
coureurs de bois
As the fur trade developed, First Nations peoples begame to compete with each other for __________, something that they did not used to do.
territory
fur
Europeans built _______________ along waterways.
trading posts
Name an item the First Nation peoples taught the Europeans to build.
canoes, snowshoes, sleds
Two French coureurs de bois, Pierre-Esprit Radisson and Medard Chouart des Groseilliers attempted to trade 100 canoes of beaver pelts with the French but were fined because they had no license. As a result, they took their furs to the ________ and told them of a way to sail directly into Hudson Bay.
English
First Nations Peoples were often left out of ________________ that had to due with land ownership.
treaty agreements
Due to over-hunting, there were no _________ left in Europe in the 1600s.
beavers
Trading goods for goods, without the use of money, is called _________________.
bartering
Some First Nations women _________ European traders and learned their language and culture.
married
King Charles the 2nd of England created the _____________ in 1670 and claimed all the land and rivers around Hundson Bay and called it 'Rupert's Land' after his cousin, Prince Rupert.
Hudson's Bay Company
Two major disease, _________ and ____________, brought over by Europeans almost completely destroyed communities of First Nations people.
smallpox and measles
Friendly trade between First Nations and Europeans became a __________________ between individuals and small groups.
competitive business
Name 5 things that the First Nations received in return for the animal furs they offered the Europeans.
In addition to beaver hides, the hides of ______, ______ and _______ with Euopeans.
moose, caribou and other animals
French travelling fur traders who obtained a licence to trade and travel further inland into Canada in 1681 were called ____________. This increased the competition between France and England and a peace agreement called the _______________ was eventually created that outlined where each country was allowed to trade.
voyageurs, Treaty of Utrecht
Before the Fur Trade started, there were over 60 million beavers in Canada. After Eurpeans arrived, approximately ____________ beavers were killed every year, almost leading to their _________.
200,000, extinction