East Asia
Known for prosperity, advancements, and centralized government through civil service exams
What is the Song Dynasty?
Although it was politically fragmented by the 1200s, it was still a major intellectual hub, especially in Baghdad.
What is the Abbasid Caliphate?
Controled Southern India and the Indian Ocean trade
What is the Chola Empire?
Built a powerful empire in Mesoamerica with Tenochtitlan as its capital
Who are the Aztecs?
Grew wealthy by controlling the trans-Saharan trade, especially in gold and salt
Mali Empire
Europe's system based on land ownership and service between lords and vassals
What is feudalism?
Reinterpretation of Confucianism with Buddhist and Daoist influences, promoted by Zhu Xi
What is Neo-Confucianism?
The center for translation of Greek, Persian, and Indian texts which led to preserved ancient knowledge
What is the House of Wisdom?
Built by the Khmer Empire in Cambodia as a Hindu temple and later converted to Buddhism
What is Angkor Wat?
Used terraced farming and built a vast road network in the Andes Mountains of South America
Who are the Incas?
City states located along the East African coast and were a mix of Bantu and Islamic cultures
What were the Swahili City-States?
Economic syste where peasants (serfs) worked the land in exchange for protection
What is Manorialism?
Fast-ripening rice from Vietnam that allowed multiple harvests and supported a population boom
What is champa rice?
the Silk Roads, the Indian Ocean, and Trans-Saharan
What are trade routes?
Allowed for the flow of spices, textiles, and metals between East Africa, the Middle East, India, and Southeast Asia
What is the Indian Ocean trade?
Labor system in the Inca Empire, where people worked for the state in exchange for food and security
Known for its impressive stone structures and a center for trade in gold
What is Great Zimbabwe?
Series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land and opened trade and cultural exchanges between East and West
What are the Crusades?
Connected north and south and was essential for grain transport and trade
What is the Grand Canal?
The part of Europe taken over by the Moors
What is Spain (Andalucia)?
A Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia that thrived on maritime trade.
What is the Srivijaya?
Mastered stone construction without mortar as seen in Machu Picchu
Who are the Inca?
Ruler of Mali who was known for his great wealth and his pilgrimage to Mecca
Who was Mansa Musa?
Centered in Constantinople and continued Roman traditions and followed Eastern Orthodox Christianity
What is the Byzantine Empire?
Exams based on Confucian classics led to qualified official which helped maintain social order and stability
What is the bureaucratic meritocracy?
Three ways Islam spread across the region
Cinnamon, black pepper, and cloves
What are the spices most highly sought after by Middle Eastern and European traders?
Who are the Maya?
The Christian kingdom in western Africa with the stone cross-shaped churches
What is Ethiopia?
Series of conflicts between England and France over control of the French throne
What was the 100 Years' War?