Terms
expulsion from a country of an undesirable alien; force people back to the homelands
deportation
n investment that is very risky but could yeild great profits; buying something for the sole purpose of selling that product/service to make a profit
speculation
The three R's of the programs designed to deal with the problems of the Great Depression were
1 ____ for the needy
2 economic _____
3 - financial _____ so it would never happen again
Relief, Reform, Recovery
term refers to the group of New Deal programs that were created to provide "relief, reform and recovery" for bnks, businesses and people during the Greata Depression
Alphabet Soup
before this era - amendment that created Prohibition
18th
President at the beginning of the Great Depression; his philosphy was "rugged individualism" - the belief that the majority of individuals can succeed on their own and that government help for people should be minimal
Herbert Hoover
wanting but not having a job
unemployed
name the highest court in our land
US Supreme Court
the "voluntary" act of returning to a person's country of origin
repatriation
overproduction
government program creataed to give young, unemployed men jobs improving the outdoor environment; planted trees, fought fires, built parks, drained swamps, maintained National Parks, built roads and trails
CCC Civilian Conservation Corp
guaranteed workers the right to collective bargain; created the National Labor Relations Board; established rules to protect unions and organizers
NRA - National Labor Relations Act
amendment that repealed Prohibition
21st
Only man elected 4 times to serve as U.S. President; he served 3 terms and died early in his 4th term
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
places run by charities where the hungry could get a free meal as long as the food lasted
soup kitchens/breadlines
name the two houses of the United States legislature
House of Representatives and the Senate
1930s; a period of high unemployment, initially little government intervention; people struggled to pay bills; extreme poverty; Dust Bowl
Great Depression
during the consumer revolution of the 20's people discovered the use of consumer __
revolving credit
FDR's positive spin on closing the banks for four days during the Great Depression (March 6 - 10) to end runs on banks, bank closures, and to allow banks to be inspected and open on a sounder basis
Bank Holiday
created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and placed mandatory restrictions on crop production; gave subsidies for non-production and even gave subsidies for destroying crops and livestock; later declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court
AAA Agricultural Adjustment Act
the 20th amendment fixed the term for the President and specified the line of succession for the President - a Presidential term lasts __ years
four
approximate number of Mexican American workers who were forced to "repatriate" - return to Mexico voluntarily or deported
500,000
a region of the Great Plains that experienced a severe drought in 1930 that lasted about a decade
Dust Bowl
name Disney's first full-length animated cartoon; it received a special Oscar with seven smaller Oscar's
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
taxes on imported goods
tariffs
Black Tuesday
a relief, recovery and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land; brought cheap electric power, low-cost hosing, cheap fertilizers and the restoration of eroded soil to assist farmers in a particular region of the nation
Tennesse Valley Authority
made loans to private industries to build public works such as dams, ports, bridges, sewage plants, hospitals, schools, government buildings and airports
PWA Public Works Administration
branch of the US government responsible for interpreting the law; Supreme Court and lower courts
judicial branch
first Lady of the United States; wife of Franklin Roosevelt; strong advocate of human rights and her husband's closest advisor
Eleanor Roosevelt
shanty towns that housed many people who were homeless and had lost everything in the Depression; shanites were built of old boxes, newspapers, cardboard, and any other trash people could find to build with; a direct reference to the President who failed to provide assistance
Hoovervilles
1939 award winning movie that allowed udiences to forget their troubles and focus on entirely different world with music and likeable characters; it was the first movie shot in color
Wizard of Oz
President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's informal radio talks that were set by the White House fireplace; intended to communicate efforts by the President to end the Great Depression and gain the confidence of the people
Fireside Chats
1929, a deep downturn n the stock market; many people who had risked everything to gamble on the stock market lost everything
Stock Market Crash
the Indian New Deal - stopped the allotment of Indian lands created by the Dawes Act and helped tribes buy land and let them govern themselves
Indian Reorganization Act
insured personal bank deposits up to $5,000; an independent agency created by the Congress to maintain stability and public confidence in the nation’s financial system;insures deposits; examines and supervises financial institutions for safety, soundness, and consumer protection. Today insures up to $250,000 per insured bank.
FDIC - Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
branch of the US government responsible for passing laws
legislative branch
someone who purchased stock in a corporation
stockholder
regulatory agency that regulates the stock market and restricted buying on margin
SEC Security and Exchange Commission
FDR's plan to add more justices to the Supreme Court
court-packing scheme
nickname given to the old newspapers that people used for cover during the 1930s when sleeping in the open; a direct criticism of President Hoover for not providing any assistance
Hoover Blankets
buying a stock by putting 10% down and a pomise to pay the rest over time; because all of the money was not invested, corporations appeared to be worth more than they actually were; when stock prices would go down, investors might not mke their payments or, worse, sell the stock at full price; that took money away from the corporation and sold something that had less worth than when the stocks were first sold
buying on margin
expanded private home ownership among moderate income families through federal guarantees of private mortgages
FHA Federal Housing Administration
New Deal program that provided relief to the unemployed in fields such as theatre, art, photography, literature, entertainment, etc.
WPA Works Progress Administrtion
branch of US government responsible for carrying out the laws is the __ branch; it is headed by __
executive; a president
Depression-era photographer remembered primarily for her portraits of rural workers during the Great Depression
Dorothea Lange
a way of interpreting the Constitution that allows the federal governent to take only those actions the Constitution SPECIFICALLY says it can take
strict construction
book by John Steinbeck about Oakies from Oklahoma who migrated from the Dust Bowl to California during the Depression looking for jobs; Nobel Prize for Literature and Pulitzer Prize for fiction
Grapes of Wrath