Urinalysis
General
QA
Infection control
Hematology
Chemistry
100
What is the name in this picture?
Cysteine crystal
100
What is the critical value for non-fasting hyperglycemia?
>25mmol/L
100
What is a trend?
This occurs when QC results gradually move in one direction over time.
100
What is the most important step in preventing healthcare-associated infections?
Hand hygiene
100
What is the expiry date of DXH QC?
16 days
100
What test is commonly used to evaluate kidney function?
Serum creatinine
200
What does the presence of nitrites in urine usually indicate?
Bacterial infection (UTI)
200
Case study:
A patient has elevated T3 and T4 and low TSH. What's the likely diagnosis?
Hyperthyroidism
200
A QC result is out of range. What is the first step of troubleshooting?
Repeat the QC
200
What PPE is required when there is risk of blood splashes?
Gloves, gown, mask, and face shield
200
Which white blood cell increases most commonly during bacterial infections?
Neutrophils
200
What are the four liver enzymes?
ALT, AST, ALP & GGT
300
Case study:
A 30yo man has urine specific gravity of 1.030 with positive ketones.
What's the likely diagnosis?
Diabetic ketoacidosis
300
What is this patient experiencing?
Complete heart block
300
What is the R₄s rule?
This Westgard rule detects random error when the difference between two controls exceeds 4 SD.
300
You are drawing blood from a patient with suspected tuberculosis. What mask is required?
N95 mask
300
What cell is depicted in this image?
Metamyelocytes
300
What is the primary lipoprotein responsible for transporting cholesterol from the tissues to liver?
HDL
400
What is depicted in this image?
Ammonium biurate crystals
400
What is the tumor marker for colorectal cancer?
CEA
400
What's the difference between QC and QA?
QA focuses on processes while
QC focus on products/services
400
What is the 5th moment of hand hygiene?
After touching patient's surrounding
400
What is the most common condition related to rouleaux formation?
Multiple myeloma
400
What factors are used to calculate eGFR ?
Age, gender, serum creatinine
500
What is the cause of dark brown urine with elevated urobilinogen?
Hemolytic anemia or liver disease
500
What is the correct order of draw including trace elements?
Blood culture, sodium citrate, clot activator plain, clot activator SST, trace element plain- royal blue, lithium heparin, trace element K2 EDTA, EDTA, sodium fluoride
500
Case Study: QC/QA Issue
Issue: QC results show 3 consecutive days of bias (>2 SD) for sodium level.
What is the likely cause AND actions should be taken?
Possible calibration issue, reagent problem, or electrode drift.
Review QC data, recalibrate, run new QC, and notify supervisor.
500
What is the primary risk associated with needle stick injuries?
Transmission of Bloodborne pathogens (HIV, HBV,HCV)
500
What cell is depicted in this image?
Lymphoblast
500
Name any 3 analytes that will be affected with a grossly lipemic sample.
Sodium ( pseudohyponaetremia)
Potassium
Any of the Liver enzymes
Bilirubin
Total protein